Nursing Elites

1. How should a healthcare provider approach the care of a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)?

• A. Promote weight maintenance
• B. Encourage joint mobility exercises
• C. Avoid physical inactivity
• D. Ensure a balanced diet

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Encouraging joint mobility exercises is the appropriate approach to caring for a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). These exercises help maintain joint function and reduce stiffness, which are crucial in managing the condition. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Promoting weight maintenance is more relevant than weight gain as maintaining a healthy weight is important in managing JIA. Avoiding physical inactivity is not recommended as controlled and appropriate physical activities can help improve joint flexibility and overall health. Ensuring a balanced diet, which includes adequate protein, is important for overall nutrition but is not a specific intervention for managing JIA.

2. Which of the following best describes the purpose of dietary guidelines?

• A. To ensure food safety and sanitation.
• B. To promote overall health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.
• C. To prevent foodborne illnesses.
• D. To provide recommendations for physical activity.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To promote overall health and reduce the risk of chronic diseases.' Dietary guidelines aim to improve public health by providing recommendations on dietary patterns and nutrient intake. While ensuring food safety and sanitation (choice A) is important, it is not the primary purpose of dietary guidelines. Preventing foodborne illnesses (choice C) is more related to food safety practices rather than dietary guidelines. Recommendations for physical activity (choice D) are important for overall health but are separate from dietary guidelines, which primarily focus on nutrition.

3. What is the recommended treatment for a child with a first-degree burn?

• A. Immediate application of ice
• B. Administration of oral antibiotics
• C. Application of cool, moist compresses
• D. Application of hot packs

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The recommended treatment for a child with a first-degree burn is the application of cool, moist compresses. This helps in reducing pain and swelling without causing further damage to the skin. Applying ice directly to a burn can lead to frostbite and worsen the injury (Choice A). Oral antibiotics are not necessary for first-degree burns as they do not typically involve infection (Choice B). Hot packs should be avoided as they can further damage the skin and increase inflammation (Choice D).

4. What is the study of how a person's genes interact with nutrients?

• A. genetic counseling
• B. nutritional genomics
• C. genetic metabolomics
• D. nutritional genetics

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nutritional genomics, the correct answer, specifically focuses on how a person's genes interact with nutrients, affecting health and disease. Genetic counseling (choice A) refers to the process of helping people understand and adapt to the medical, psychological, and familial implications of genetic contributions to disease. Genetic metabolomics (choice C) combines genetic and metabolomic data to study metabolic pathways. Nutritional genetics (choice D) generally refers to the broader field of genetics as it relates to nutrition, while nutritional genomics, the most precise term, delves into the specific gene-nutrient interactions.

5. How should a caregiver manage a child with a newly diagnosed hearing impairment?

• A. Increase the volume of all auditory stimuli
• B. Refer for audiologic evaluation and intervention
• C. Avoid using any assistive devices
• D. Encourage frequent use of headphones

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When a child is newly diagnosed with a hearing impairment, it is essential to refer them for audiologic evaluation and intervention. This step is crucial to accurately assess the extent of the impairment, determine appropriate interventions, and support the child's communication and development. Increasing the volume of all auditory stimuli (choice A) is not a recommended approach as it may not address the specific needs of the child and could potentially cause discomfort. Avoiding the use of assistive devices (choice C) can hinder the child's ability to communicate effectively. Encouraging frequent use of headphones (choice D) is also not advisable as it may not be suitable for managing hearing impairments and could potentially worsen the condition.

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