Nursing Elites

1. As a community health nurse engaged in the process of community empowerment, which action is essential for you to take?

• A. Gathering data from the community
• B. Making decisions for people in the community
• C. Forming partnerships with people in the community
• D. Accepting responsibility for people’s actions

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In the process of community empowerment, forming partnerships with people in the community is essential. This fosters collaboration, engagement, and shared decision-making, enabling the community to identify its needs, resources, and priorities. Gathering data from the community (Choice A) is important for understanding the community's health status but forming partnerships goes beyond data collection by actively involving community members in decision-making. Making decisions for people in the community (Choice B) undermines empowerment as it takes away their autonomy and control. Accepting responsibility for people’s actions (Choice D) is not synonymous with empowerment and can lead to disempowerment by creating dependency rather than fostering self-reliance and self-determination.

2. An activity designed to diagnose and treat a disease or condition in its earliest stages, before it becomes full-blown, would be classified as:

• A. primary prevention
• B. secondary prevention
• C. tertiary prevention
• D. health education

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, secondary prevention. Secondary prevention focuses on early diagnosis and intervention to prevent the progression of a disease or condition. This involves detecting and treating the illness in its early stages to reduce its impact. Choice A, primary prevention, aims to prevent the development of a disease or injury before it occurs by promoting healthy behaviors. Choice C, tertiary prevention, involves managing and improving the quality of life of individuals with established conditions to prevent complications and further deterioration. Choice D, health education, refers to providing information and promoting awareness about health issues to enable individuals to make informed decisions and adopt healthy behaviors.

3. Care provided by specialists in health facilities such as medical centers, regional, and provincial hospitals falls under which level of care?

• A. Secondary level care
• B. Primary care
• C. Tertiary care
• D. Intermediate care

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Tertiary care is the correct answer because it involves specialized care provided by medical centers and regional or provincial hospitals. Primary care (Choice B) refers to basic healthcare services usually delivered by general practitioners, nurses, and other healthcare professionals. Secondary care (Choice A) involves specialized services provided by medical specialists and other health professionals who generally do not have first contact with patients. Intermediate care (Choice D) is not a recognized level of care in the typical healthcare system hierarchy; it may cause confusion as it's not a standard term used to describe levels of care.

4. James is an 18-month-old child who has had a cough for 7 days with no general danger signs, a temperature of 37.5°C, and a respiratory rate of 41 breaths per minute. How will you classify James' breathing?

• A. Slow breathing
• B. Fast breathing
• C. Normal breathing
• D. Very fast breathing

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Normal breathing.' A respiratory rate of 41 breaths per minute is considered normal for an 18-month-old child. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because a respiratory rate of 41 breaths per minute falls within the normal range for a child of James' age and does not indicate slow, fast, or very fast breathing.

5. Under the present system, which of the following is the local government unit responsible for?

• A. Operation and maintenance of health facilities
• B. All of these activities
• C. Implementation of health programs/projects
• D. Delivery of health services

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Under the present system, the local government unit is responsible for all the listed activities. This includes the operation and maintenance of health facilities, implementation of health programs/projects, and delivery of health services. Therefore, choice B, 'All of these activities,' is the correct answer. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they are all responsibilities that fall under the local government unit's jurisdiction as well.

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