Nursing Elites

1. From January 1 to 15, 1996, there were 8 cases of Tetanus neonatorum in San Lazaro Hospital. There were two deaths. What is the case fatality ratio of this disease?

• A. 20%
• B. 30%
• C. 28%
• D. 25%

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The case fatality ratio is calculated as (deaths/cases) * 100. In this case, there were 2 deaths out of 8 cases. Therefore, the calculation is (2/8) * 100 = 25%. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not match the correct calculation.

2. Community Health Nursing (CHN) in the Philippines encompasses healthcare provisions affecting four clients: individuals, families, population groups, and communities. In the course of our community health work, traditional, non-traditional, alternative, or complementary health care strategies are utilized. The legal basis for this action may be derived from the:

• A. PhilHealth Act
• B. Traditional and Alternative Health Care Law
• C. Philippine Nursing Act
• D. Philippine Medical Act

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Traditional and Alternative Health Care Law. This law provides the legal basis for integrating alternative health care strategies. The PhilHealth Act (Choice A) focuses on health insurance, the Philippine Nursing Act (Choice C) regulates the nursing profession, and the Philippine Medical Act (Choice D) pertains to the medical profession. These laws are not directly related to the integration of traditional, non-traditional, alternative, or complementary health care strategies in community health work.

3. A client with multiple sclerosis is receiving baclofen (Lioresal). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following side effects?

• A. Hypertension
• B. Muscle spasms
• C. Drowsiness
• D. Tachycardia

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Drowsiness. Baclofen, a muscle relaxant commonly used to treat conditions like multiple sclerosis, can cause drowsiness as a side effect. Monitoring for drowsiness is important to ensure the client's safety and well-being. Choice A, Hypertension, is incorrect because baclofen is not known to cause hypertension. Choice B, Muscle spasms, is not a common side effect of baclofen but rather the symptom it is used to treat. Choice D, Tachycardia, is also incorrect as baclofen is not associated with causing an increase in heart rate.

4. What role does a community health nurse play in disaster management?

• A. Providing direct patient care
• B. Conducting research on disaster impacts
• C. Coordinating emergency response efforts
• D. Developing new healthcare policies

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Community health nurses are primarily responsible for coordinating emergency response efforts during disasters. This involves organizing and implementing strategies to address the health needs of the community in crisis situations. Providing direct patient care (Choice A) is often carried out by other healthcare professionals such as doctors and paramedics during disasters. Conducting research on disaster impacts (Choice B) is important for understanding the effects of disasters but is not the primary role of a community health nurse. Developing new healthcare policies (Choice D) is typically the responsibility of policymakers and public health officials rather than community health nurses.

5. Which of the following is a key component of community-based participatory research?

• A. Conducting research in a laboratory setting
• B. Involving community members in the research process
• C. Focusing solely on quantitative data
• D. Ignoring community input

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Involving community members in the research process.' Community-based participatory research emphasizes the active involvement of community members in all aspects of the research process, from identifying research questions to interpreting and disseminating results. Choice A is incorrect because community-based participatory research typically takes place in real-world settings, not in laboratories. Choice C is incorrect because community-based participatory research values a mix of quantitative and qualitative data. Choice D is incorrect because community input is essential in this research approach.

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