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Community Health HESI Practice Exam
1. An example of the continuum health model of health and wellness would be:
- A. a person is either well or not, and the emphasis is on continuously and aggressively treating people who are ill
- B. predicting that a person will most likely continue good health practices, based on his or her health practices in the past, such as getting flu shots
- C. using acupuncture and therapeutic touch to cure disease instead of traditional medical therapies
- D. none of the above
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The continuum health model emphasizes ongoing health practices based on past behaviors. Choice A is incorrect as it describes a more binary approach to health. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on alternative therapies rather than the continuity of health practices.
2. What is the main focus of secondary prevention?
- A. Early detection and treatment
- B. Rehabilitation
- C. Health promotion
- D. Palliative care
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The main focus of secondary prevention is early detection and treatment of disease. This approach aims to identify health conditions in their early stages when they are easier to treat or manage effectively. Choice B, rehabilitation, is more aligned with restoring function after an illness or injury has occurred. Choice C, health promotion, concentrates on educating and empowering individuals to adopt healthy behaviors to prevent the onset of diseases. Choice D, palliative care, is focused on providing comfort and improving the quality of life for individuals with serious illnesses or at the end of life, rather than on early detection and treatment.
3. What is the aim of the Magna Carta of Public Health Workers?
- A. Develop skills and capabilities of health workers to deliver health projects/programs
- B. All of these
- C. Encourage those with proper qualifications to remain in government service
- D. Promote social and economic well-being of health workers
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B - 'All of these.' The Magna Carta of Public Health Workers aims to achieve multiple objectives, including developing the skills and capabilities of health workers to deliver health projects/programs, encouraging those with proper qualifications to remain in government service, and promoting the social and economic well-being of health workers. Choice A, C, and D are all part of the comprehensive goals outlined in the Magna Carta for Public Health Workers.
4. A client with rheumatoid arthritis is receiving methotrexate (Rheumatrex). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
- A. Leukopenia
- B. Hyperglycemia
- C. Hypertension
- D. Hypokalemia
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Leukopenia. Methotrexate, used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, can lead to bone marrow suppression, resulting in leukopenia. This condition increases the risk of infections due to decreased white blood cell count. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because methotrexate is not known to cause hyperglycemia, hypertension, or hypokalemia as its primary adverse effects.
5. What is the ability to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions known as?
- A. Health literacy
- B. Health equity
- C. Health disparity
- D. Health promotion
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Health literacy refers to the ability to obtain, process, and understand basic health information and services necessary to make informed health decisions. It empowers individuals to navigate the healthcare system, understand medical instructions, and advocate for their own health needs. - Choice B, Health equity, is the concept of everyone having a fair opportunity to attain their full health potential and not being disadvantaged due to their social or economic status. - Choice C, Health disparity, refers to differences in health outcomes or access to healthcare between different populations, often influenced by social, economic, or environmental factors. - Choice D, Health promotion, involves efforts to enhance and protect the health of individuals and communities through education, behavior change, and public health initiatives.
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