Nursing Elites

1. Community health nurses help influence the health of communities through which of the following actions?

• A. legislating health behavior
• B. recording health status of individuals in a similar geographic region
• C. influencing health status and behavior, and engaging in health promotion
• D. none of the above

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Community health nurses play a crucial role in influencing the health of communities by engaging in health promotion activities and influencing health behaviors. Choice A is incorrect as community health nurses do not legislate health behavior but rather educate and promote healthy behaviors. Choice B is incorrect as while community health nurses may record health data, their main focus is on proactive health promotion and intervention, not just documenting health status. Choice D is incorrect because community health nurses actively work to influence health status and behaviors.

2. What refers to a systematic approach of obtaining, organizing, and analyzing numerical facts so that conclusions may be drawn from them?

• A. Vital statistics
• B. Statistics
• C. Morbidity
• D. Mortality

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Statistics'. Statistics is the systematic approach of obtaining, organizing, and analyzing numerical facts to draw conclusions. Vital statistics, morbidity, and mortality are more specific terms within the field of statistics. Vital statistics focus on births, deaths, marriages, and divorces. Morbidity refers to the incidence of illness or disease in a population. Mortality specifically deals with deaths in a population. Hence, B is the most comprehensive and fitting choice for the definition provided.

3. Which facilities are capable of performing minor surgeries and some simple laboratory examinations?

• A. Secondary level health care
• B. Intermediate level care
• C. Tertiary level care
• D. Primary health care

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Secondary level health care facilities are equipped to perform minor surgeries and simple laboratory examinations. Intermediate level care (choice B) refers to a level of care between primary and secondary care, focusing on more complex procedures than minor surgeries. Tertiary level care (choice C) is specialized care that includes services like cardiac surgery and neurosurgery. Primary health care (choice D) is the first point of contact for individuals and is not typically equipped for minor surgeries or complex laboratory tests.

4. Prior to initiating a community health program targeting teenage smoking, what information is most important for the nurse to obtain?

• A. The incidence of smoking among the teenage population in this community.
• B. The amount of available funding for tobacco prevention education programs.
• C. The target objectives for teenage smoking described by Healthy People 2020.
• D. Satisfaction data from programs that targeted the teenage population in this community.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The most important information for the nurse to obtain before initiating a community health program targeting teenage smoking is the incidence of smoking among the teenage population in the community. Understanding the prevalence of smoking will help in designing effective intervention strategies. Choice B about funding, while important, is secondary to understanding the scope of the issue. Choice C, the target objectives from Healthy People 2020, may provide guidance but are not as crucial as knowing the local prevalence. Choice D, satisfaction data from previous programs, does not provide essential information for planning a new program.

5. The nurse is assigned to a client with Parkinson's disease. Which findings would the nurse anticipate?

• A. Non-intention tremors and urgency with voiding
• B. Echolalia and a shuffling gait
• C. Muscle spasm and a bent-over posture
• D. Intention tremor and jerky movement of the elbows

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Echolalia (repeating others' words) and a shuffling gait are common symptoms of Parkinson's disease. These symptoms result from the degeneration of the basal ganglia in the brain that controls movement and speech. Choice A is incorrect because non-intention tremors are not typically associated with Parkinson's disease. Choice C is incorrect as muscle spasm and a bent-over posture are not classic manifestations of Parkinson's disease. Choice D is incorrect since intention tremors and jerky movement of the elbows are not characteristic of Parkinson's disease.

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