ATI LPN
PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment 2020 B with NGN
1. A nurse is planning a staff education session regarding biological weapons of mass destruction. What should the nurse include in the session?
- A. Rabies, cholera, meningitis
- B. Smallpox, anthrax, botulism
- C. Ebola, hepatitis B, tetanus
- D. Tuberculosis, influenza, measles
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Smallpox, anthrax, botulism. These are known biological weapons that can be used in mass casualty situations. Rabies, cholera, and meningitis (Choice A) are not typically used as biological weapons. Ebola, hepatitis B, and tetanus (Choice C) are serious diseases but are not commonly associated with biological warfare. Tuberculosis, influenza, and measles (Choice D) are infectious diseases but are not typically used as biological weapons of mass destruction.
2. A nurse is teaching a client about the dietary management of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Decrease fiber intake
- B. Drink peppermint tea
- C. Increase foods that are high in fat
- D. Avoid foods with gluten
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Drink peppermint tea.' Peppermint tea can help relax the smooth muscles of the gastrointestinal tract, reducing symptoms of IBS, such as bloating and abdominal discomfort. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Decreasing fiber intake is not recommended for IBS management as fiber can help regulate bowel movements. Increasing foods high in fat can exacerbate symptoms of IBS, as high-fat foods can be harder to digest. Avoiding foods with gluten is more relevant for individuals with gluten sensitivity or celiac disease, not specifically for IBS management.
3. A client with schizophrenia is experiencing auditory hallucinations. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Encourage the client to listen to music
- B. Ask the client what the voices are saying
- C. Provide the client with a distraction
- D. Administer an antipsychotic medication
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Asking the client what the voices are saying is the priority action as it helps assess the content of the hallucinations. This assessment is crucial to determine if the client is at risk of harm to themselves or others. Encouraging the client to listen to music or providing a distraction may not address the underlying issues related to the hallucinations. Administering antipsychotic medication, although important, should come after a thorough assessment of the hallucinations to ensure the right medication and dosage are provided.
4. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is scheduled for electromyography (EMG). Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. “You will receive a fixed dose of radioisotope 2 hours before the procedure.”
- B. “Momentary flushing may occur at the beginning of the procedure.”
- C. “You should inform your provider if you are claustrophobic.”
- D. “You should expect insertion of small needle electrodes into the muscles.”
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. During an electromyography (EMG) procedure, small needle electrodes are inserted into the muscles to identify muscle weakness and evaluate local nerve responses. This information is crucial for the client to know beforehand. Choice A is incorrect because radioisotopes are not used in EMG procedures. Choice B is incorrect because flushing is not a common occurrence during EMG. Choice C is incorrect because claustrophobia is more relevant to MRI or CT scans, not EMG procedures.
5. What teaching points are important for the nurse to discuss with a client with hearing loss who has been fitted for a hearing aid?
- A. Use the highest setting to promote full auditory comprehension
- B. Use mild soap and water to clean the ear mold
- C. Turn the hearing aid off to conserve battery life during hours of sleep only
- D. Immerse the hearing aid in saline solution to keep it hygienic
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct teaching point for a client with hearing loss who has been fitted for a hearing aid is to use mild soap and water to clean the ear mold. It is important to keep the ear mold clean to prevent infections and maintain proper functioning. Choice A is incorrect because using the highest setting can lead to discomfort and may not be necessary for all situations. Choice C is incorrect as the hearing aid should generally be turned off when not in use, not just during sleep, to conserve battery life. Choice D is incorrect as immersing the hearing aid in saline solution can damage the device; it should be kept dry to prevent malfunction.
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