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PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment 2020 B with NGN
1. A healthcare professional is preparing to administer a dose of hydrocodone. Which of the following should the healthcare professional assess first?
- A. Respiratory rate
- B. Blood pressure
- C. Pain level
- D. Heart rate
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When administering hydrocodone, a healthcare professional should assess the respiratory rate first because hydrocodone is an opioid that can lead to respiratory depression. Monitoring the respiratory rate helps to detect any signs of respiratory distress or depression early on. Assessing blood pressure, pain level, or heart rate is also important but not the priority when administering hydrocodone, as the risk of respiratory depression is a more critical concern.
2. A client has a new prescription for levothyroxine. What should the nurse teach the client?
- A. It should be taken at night
- B. Monitor for symptoms of hypothyroidism
- C. Take it with calcium supplements
- D. Take it on an empty stomach
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is to take levothyroxine on an empty stomach. This is because levothyroxine should be taken in the morning on an empty stomach to ensure proper absorption. Option A is incorrect because levothyroxine is usually advised to be taken in the morning. Option B is not the priority teaching point as monitoring for hypothyroidism symptoms is ongoing care. Option C is incorrect as levothyroxine should not be taken with calcium supplements as they can interfere with its absorption.
3. A client with a cystocele is encouraged to exercise to strengthen pelvic floor muscles and prevent pelvic organ prolapse. What exercise will the client need to perform?
- A. Kegel exercises
- B. Isometric exercises
- C. Circumduction exercises
- D. Uterine extension exercises
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: The client with a cystocele should perform Kegel exercises to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, reducing the risk of pelvic organ prolapse and stress urinary incontinence. Kegel exercises specifically target the muscles that support the pelvic organs. Isometric exercises focus on static muscle contractions and may not be as effective as Kegel exercises for strengthening the pelvic floor. Circumduction exercises involve circular movements at joints and are not specific to pelvic floor muscle strengthening. Uterine extension exercises do not directly target the pelvic floor muscles and are not indicated for cystocele management.
4. A community health nurse is teaching a group of clients about first aid for wounds. Which client statement indicates understanding?
- A. Remove blood-saturated dressings
- B. Apply clean dressings over the saturated ones and hold pressure
- C. Elevate the wound above heart level
- D. Leave the wound open to air
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Applying clean dressings over blood-saturated ones and holding pressure helps to control bleeding and prevent tissue disruption. Removing blood-saturated dressings can cause further damage by disrupting the forming clot. Elevating the wound above heart level is beneficial to reduce swelling, but it is not the best immediate action for a blood-saturated dressing. Leaving the wound open to air can increase the risk of infection and slow down the healing process.
5. A client with a history of renal failure is being cared for by a nurse. Which of the following should the nurse monitor?
- A. Fluid intake
- B. Electrolyte levels
- C. Blood pressure
- D. Both B and C
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Clients with renal failure are at risk for electrolyte imbalances and hypertension. Monitoring electrolyte levels is crucial because renal failure can lead to imbalances in sodium, potassium, and other electrolytes. Blood pressure monitoring is essential as hypertension is a common complication of renal failure. Therefore, both electrolyte levels and blood pressure should be closely monitored to detect and manage any abnormalities. Fluid intake, while important, is not specific to renal failure monitoring and is not the priority in this case.
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