LPN LPN
PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment 2020 B with NGN
1. When educating a client about valproic acid, which instruction is essential?
- A. Monitor for rash
- B. Expect weight loss
- C. Consider it safe during pregnancy
- D. Purchase it over-the-counter
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to monitor for rash. Valproic acid can lead to severe skin rashes, and patients must be vigilant to report any rash promptly. Choice B is incorrect as valproic acid is more likely to cause weight gain. Choice C is incorrect because valproic acid is associated with birth defects and should be avoided during pregnancy. Choice D is incorrect as valproic acid is a prescription medication and not available over-the-counter.
2. A healthcare professional is preparing to administer a dose of warfarin. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional take?
- A. Verify INR levels
- B. Administer with food
- C. Monitor blood glucose levels
- D. Assess liver function
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: When administering warfarin, it is crucial to verify the patient's INR levels. INR monitoring is essential to ensure that the patient is receiving the correct dose of warfarin for their condition and to minimize the risk of bleeding. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because administering warfarin with food, monitoring blood glucose levels, and assessing liver function are not directly related to the safe administration and monitoring of warfarin therapy.
3. A client has been prescribed enoxaparin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide regarding self-administration?
- A. Pinch the skin and inject at a 45-degree angle
- B. Massage the injection site after administering
- C. Administer at a 90-degree angle
- D. Avoid rotating injection sites
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to pinch the skin and inject at a 45-degree angle when administering enoxaparin. This technique helps ensure proper administration of the medication. Massaging the injection site after administering is unnecessary and could increase the risk of bleeding. Administering at a 90-degree angle is not recommended for enoxaparin injections. Rotating injection sites is important to prevent tissue damage and irritation.
4. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of nitrofurantoin. Which of the following should be included?
- A. It can cause a brown discoloration of urine
- B. It should be taken with food
- C. It has no side effects
- D. It is safe during pregnancy
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Nitrofurantoin can cause a harmless brown discoloration of urine. Choice B is also correct as it should be taken with food to enhance absorption. Choice C is incorrect as nitrofurantoin does have side effects, such as gastrointestinal disturbances. Choice D is incorrect as nitrofurantoin is not recommended during the last month of pregnancy due to potential risks to the fetus.
5. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of clopidogrel. Which of the following should be included?
- A. It is an anticoagulant
- B. Monitor for signs of bleeding
- C. It can be stopped abruptly
- D. Avoid foods rich in vitamin K
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Monitor for signs of bleeding.' Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication, not an anticoagulant. Clients taking clopidogrel should be monitored for signs of bleeding due to its antiplatelet effects. Choice A is incorrect because clopidogrel is not an anticoagulant. Choice C is incorrect as clopidogrel should not be stopped abruptly but as directed by a healthcare provider. Choice D is irrelevant since foods rich in vitamin K are more of a concern with anticoagulant medications like warfarin, not antiplatelet medications like clopidogrel.
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