LPN LPN
LPN Fundamentals of Nursing Quizlet
1. A client with a new prescription for a dry-powder inhaler (DPI) is receiving teaching from a healthcare provider. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will shake the inhaler before use.
- B. I will take the medication with food.
- C. I will inhale the medication quickly.
- D. I will use a spacer with the inhaler.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Choosing option C, 'I will inhale the medication quickly,' demonstrates an understanding of DPI use. Inhaling the medication quickly ensures effective delivery of the dry powder to the lungs, maximizing its therapeutic effects. Options A, B, and D are incorrect as shaking the DPI, taking it with food, and using a spacer are not recommended practices for DPI administration. Shaking a DPI can cause clumping or uneven dispersion of the medication, taking it with food may not affect its efficacy but can increase the risk of side effects, and using a spacer is not necessary for DPIs which are breath-actuated and do not require coordination with inhalation through a spacer.
2. A client has a prescription for a clear liquid diet. Which of the following foods should the nurse offer?
- A. Milk
- B. Vegetable juice
- C. Chicken broth
- D. Orange juice with pulp
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A clear liquid diet consists of easily digestible transparent liquids. Chicken broth is an appropriate choice as it meets the criteria of being clear and liquid, making it suitable for a clear liquid diet. Milk, vegetable juice, and orange juice with pulp are not considered clear liquids. Milk is not transparent, vegetable juice is not clear, and orange juice with pulp contains solid particles, all of which do not align with the requirements of a clear liquid diet.
3. A healthcare provider is planning to administer medications to a client who is receiving enteral feedings through an NG tube. Which of the following actions should the healthcare provider plan to take?
- A. Dissolve each medication in 5 mL of sterile water.
- B. Administer medications through a secondary infusion.
- C. Mix medications with the enteral feeding.
- D. Flush the NG tube with 30 mL of water before and after administering medications.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Flushing the NG tube with water before and after administering medications is essential to prevent clogging of the tube and ensure proper delivery of medication. This practice helps maintain tube patency and decreases the risk of obstruction, which could compromise the client's treatment and nutrition. By flushing the tube, the healthcare provider ensures that the medication is completely delivered and that there are no residual drug particles left in the tube, which could lead to blockages or inconsistent dosing. Therefore, flushing the NG tube is a crucial step in the safe administration of medications to clients receiving enteral feedings. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Dissolving medications in sterile water (Choice A) may not be suitable for all drugs, as some medications may require specific diluents. Administering medications through a secondary infusion (Choice B) is not the standard practice for enteral medication administration. Mixing medications with the enteral feeding (Choice C) can cause interactions between medications and the feeding formula, affecting their absorption and effectiveness.
4. A client has a new prescription for a metered-dose inhaler (MDI). Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will shake the inhaler before use.
- B. I will breathe out forcefully after inhaling the medication.
- C. I will take the medication with food.
- D. I will use a spacer with the inhaler.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'I will shake the inhaler before use.' Shaking the inhaler before use is crucial to ensure proper mixing of the medication inside the inhaler. This action helps to disperse the medication evenly, allowing for consistent dosing during inhalation. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Breathing out forcefully after inhaling the medication, taking the medication with food, and using a spacer with the inhaler are not related to the correct use of a metered-dose inhaler. These actions may not lead to optimal medication delivery and do not demonstrate an understanding of the proper technique for using an MDI.
5. A client has tuberculosis, and the nurse is planning care. Which of the following isolation precautions should the nurse implement?
- A. Protective environment
- B. Contact
- C. Airborne
- D. Droplet
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Airborne. Tuberculosis is transmitted through the air, making it an airborne disease. Airborne precautions are crucial to prevent the spread of tuberculosis to others. These precautions include placing the client in a negative pressure room, wearing an N95 respirator mask, and ensuring proper ventilation to minimize the risk of transmission to healthcare workers and other clients. Choice A, Protective environment, is used for clients with compromised immune systems. Choice B, Contact precautions, are used for diseases spread by direct or indirect contact. Choice D, Droplet precautions, are for diseases transmitted through respiratory droplets, like influenza or pertussis.
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