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PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment B Quizlet
1. A client with multiple sclerosis reports diplopia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Encourage the client to focus on a distant object.
- B. Apply a warm compress to the client’s eyes.
- C. Recommend alternating eye patches during the day.
- D. Administer artificial tears.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take when caring for a client with multiple sclerosis reporting diplopia is to recommend alternating eye patches during the day. This strategy can help relieve diplopia (double vision) by allowing each eye to rest alternately, reducing eye strain. Encouraging the client to focus on a distant object (Choice A) is not an appropriate intervention for diplopia in this case. Applying a warm compress to the client's eyes (Choice B) and administering artificial tears (Choice D) are not effective interventions for diplopia associated with multiple sclerosis.
2. A healthcare professional is assessing a client who is experiencing a thyroid storm. Which of the following is an expected finding?
- A. Hypothermia
- B. Bradycardia
- C. Hypertension
- D. Lethargy
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In a thyroid storm, which is a severe complication of hyperthyroidism, hypertension is an expected finding. Other common manifestations include tachycardia, hyperthermia, and agitation. Hypothermia (choice A) is not expected in a thyroid storm as the body temperature is usually elevated due to increased metabolic rate. Bradycardia (choice B) is not typical in a thyroid storm; instead, tachycardia is more common. Lethargy (choice D) is not a typical finding in a thyroid storm, as clients are usually agitated due to excess thyroid hormone levels.
3. A client with hypertension is being taught about dietary modifications by a nurse. Which of the following food choices should the nurse recommend?
- A. Canned tomato soup
- B. Baked chicken breast
- C. Processed cheese
- D. Pickled vegetables
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is Baked chicken breast. It is low in sodium and a healthy option for clients with hypertension. Canned tomato soup and processed cheese are typically high in sodium, which is not recommended for individuals with hypertension. Pickled vegetables are also high in sodium and should be avoided in a hypertension-friendly diet.
4. A client has a new prescription for metformin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Take the medication at bedtime
- B. Monitor your blood glucose level before each meal
- C. Stop taking the medication if you develop muscle pain
- D. You may experience diarrhea with this medication
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'You may experience diarrhea with this medication.' Diarrhea is a common side effect of metformin, particularly when initiating the medication. It is important for clients to be aware of this potential side effect. Option A is incorrect because metformin is usually taken with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects. Option B is not directly related to metformin use. Option C is incorrect as muscle pain is not a common side effect of metformin and does not warrant stopping the medication.
5. A nurse is caring for a client who has peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and is prescribed sucralfate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Take sucralfate with an antacid.
- B. Take sucralfate 1 hour before meals.
- C. Take sucralfate with food.
- D. Take sucralfate at bedtime only.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Sucralfate should be taken on an empty stomach, 1 hour before meals. This timing allows sucralfate to form a protective barrier over the ulcer, enhancing healing. Choice A is incorrect because sucralfate should not be taken with an antacid. Choice C is incorrect because sucralfate should not be taken with food. Choice D is incorrect because sucralfate should not be taken at bedtime only; it is best absorbed on an empty stomach.
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