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PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment B Quizlet
1. A nurse is assessing a newborn following a vaginal delivery. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Vernix caseosa
- B. Head circumference of 34 cm
- C. Jaundice at 24 hours of age
- D. Respiratory rate of 50/min
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Jaundice within the first 24 hours of life is considered pathological and may indicate hemolytic disease or another serious condition, requiring further investigation.
2. A client with schizophrenia is experiencing auditory hallucinations. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
- A. Encourage the client to listen to music
- B. Ask the client what the voices are saying
- C. Provide the client with a distraction
- D. Administer an antipsychotic medication
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Asking the client what the voices are saying is the priority action as it helps assess the content of the hallucinations. This assessment is crucial to determine if the client is at risk of harm to themselves or others. Encouraging the client to listen to music or providing a distraction may not address the underlying issues related to the hallucinations. Administering antipsychotic medication, although important, should come after a thorough assessment of the hallucinations to ensure the right medication and dosage are provided.
3. A client with chronic kidney disease is being educated by a nurse about managing their condition. Which of the following statements shows an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will need to take an iron supplement.
- B. I will consume foods high in phosphorus.
- C. I will reduce my intake of carbohydrates.
- D. I will monitor my blood glucose level daily.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Clients with chronic kidney disease often develop anemia due to reduced erythropoietin production, leading to decreased red blood cell production. Iron supplementation is frequently required to enhance red blood cell production. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because in chronic kidney disease, there is a need to restrict phosphorus intake, control carbohydrate intake for blood sugar management, and monitor electrolytes and fluid balance rather than blood glucose levels.
4. A nurse is preparing to insert an indwelling urinary catheter into a female client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Inflate the balloon with 10 mL of sterile water prior to insertion
- B. Cleanse the client’s labia and meatus using a front-to-back motion
- C. Ask the client to bear down while inserting the catheter
- D. Inflate the catheter balloon after urine begins to flow
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take when inserting an indwelling urinary catheter into a female client is to inflate the catheter balloon after urine begins to flow. Inflating the balloon before urine starts flowing can lead to incorrect placement in the urethra, causing trauma. Cleansing the labia and meatus should be done before the insertion, but the crucial step of inflating the balloon should occur after the catheter is correctly placed. Asking the client to bear down is not necessary during catheter insertion.
5. A nurse is assessing a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
- A. Butterfly rash on the face
- B. Weight gain
- C. Joint deformities
- D. Increased hair growth
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Butterfly rash on the face. A butterfly-shaped rash across the nose and cheeks is a classic symptom of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease. Weight gain (Choice B) is not typically associated with SLE. Joint deformities (Choice C) are more commonly seen in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. Increased hair growth (Choice D) is not a typical finding in SLE.
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