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ATI Proctored Community Health
1. Which of the following interventions is an example of tertiary prevention?
- A. Vaccination campaigns
- B. Health education seminars
- C. Physical rehabilitation programs
- D. Early disease screening
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Tertiary prevention focuses on managing and improving the quality of life for individuals who already have a disease or condition. Physical rehabilitation programs fall under tertiary prevention as they aim to enhance functioning and reduce disability caused by ongoing illness or injury, thus aligning with the goal of tertiary prevention.
2. Which nutrient is known to reduce the risk of neural tube defects when taken by pregnant women?
- A. Vitamin C
- B. Vitamin D
- C. Folic acid
- D. Iron
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Folic acid, a B vitamin, is essential for the development of the neural tube in the early stages of pregnancy. Adequate intake of folic acid before conception and during early pregnancy significantly reduces the risk of neural tube defects in the baby. It is recommended that women of childbearing age consume folic acid daily to support a healthy pregnancy.
3. What is the purpose of a population pyramid?
- A. To show the distribution of income levels
- B. To illustrate the age and sex composition of a population
- C. To compare the incidence of diseases
- D. To display the literacy rates
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A population pyramid is a graphical illustration that shows the age and sex composition of a population. It displays the percentage or number of individuals in different age groups and gender categories. This tool helps in understanding the demographic structure of a population, including aspects such as birth rates, death rates, life expectancy, and dependency ratios.
4. Which of the following is an example of a live attenuated vaccine?
- A. Hepatitis B vaccine
- B. Inactivated polio vaccine
- C. Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccine
- D. Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis (DPT) vaccine
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccine is an example of a live attenuated vaccine because it contains weakened versions of the viruses that cause measles, mumps, and rubella. These weakened viruses can replicate in the body to stimulate an immune response without causing the diseases themselves.
5. Which of the following is a characteristic of Primary Health Care?
- A. Focuses on specialized care
- B. Emphasizes community participation
- C. Relies solely on hospital-based services
- D. Ignores preventive measures
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Primary Health Care is characterized by its emphasis on community participation, which involves active involvement of communities in health promotion, disease prevention, and healthcare decision-making. It is a comprehensive approach that encompasses preventive, promotive, curative, and rehabilitative services, aiming to provide accessible, affordable, and equitable healthcare to all individuals.
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