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PN ATI Comprehensive Predictor
1. How should a healthcare professional manage a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter?
- A. Monitor urine output and ensure proper drainage
- B. Administer antibiotics and change the catheter regularly
- C. Monitor for signs of infection and provide catheter care
- D. Provide high-sodium diet and monitor hydration
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Monitoring urine output and ensuring proper catheter drainage are crucial aspects of managing a patient with an indwelling urinary catheter. This helps in assessing the patient's renal function, fluid balance, and the patency of the catheter. Administering antibiotics and changing the catheter regularly (Choice B) may not be necessary unless there is an infection present. While monitoring for signs of infection and providing catheter care (Choice C) are important, the primary focus should be on urine output and drainage. Providing a high-sodium diet and monitoring hydration (Choice D) are not directly related to managing an indwelling urinary catheter.
2. A nurse in a long-term care facility is observing a newly licensed nurse who is providing tracheostomy care for a client. The nurse identifies proper performance of the procedure when the newly licensed nurse selects which of the following solutions to clean the inner cannula?
- A. Normal saline
- B. Hydrogen peroxide
- C. Iodine
- D. Alcohol
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide is commonly used to clean tracheostomy cannulas to prevent infection. Normal saline (choice A) is used for wound irrigation but not for cleaning inner cannulas of tracheostomy tubes. Iodine (choice C) and alcohol (choice D) are not recommended for cleaning tracheostomy cannulas as they can be too harsh and irritating to the delicate tissues of the airway.
3. A nurse is assisting with an in-service about hepatitis A for a group of staff nurses. The nurse should include that hepatitis A is transmitted through which of the following methods?
- A. Airborne droplets
- B. Sexual contact
- C. Contact with contaminated surfaces
- D. Consumption of contaminated food
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Consumption of contaminated food. Hepatitis A is primarily transmitted through the ingestion of contaminated food or water. Airborne droplets and sexual contact are not common modes of transmission for hepatitis A. While contact with contaminated surfaces can play a role in the spread of some infections, hepatitis A is not typically transmitted through this route.
4. A nurse on an acute unit has received a change of shift report for 4 clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse assess first?
- A. A client who is 1 hr postoperative and has hypoactive bowel sounds.
- B. A client who has a fractured left tibia and pallor in the affected extremity.
- C. A client who had a cardiac catheterization 3 hr ago and has 3+ pedal pulses.
- D. A client who has an elevated AST level following the administration of azithromycin.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because pallor in an extremity after a fracture could indicate compromised circulation, making it a priority for assessment. Choice A is not the priority as hypoactive bowel sounds in a client 1 hr postoperative, while concerning, do not indicate a life-threatening condition. Choice C, a client who had a cardiac catheterization 3 hr ago and has 3+ pedal pulses, indicates good perfusion and does not require immediate attention. Choice D, a client with an elevated AST level following the administration of azithromycin, may require further assessment but is not as urgent as the client with potential compromised circulation in choice B.
5. What are the nursing considerations when administering blood products?
- A. Monitor vital signs and check for allergic reactions
- B. Verify blood type and compatibility before transfusion
- C. Monitor for signs of infection and sepsis
- D. Ensure consent is signed and prepare for possible reaction
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitor vital signs and check for allergic reactions. When administering blood products, monitoring vital signs such as blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature is crucial to detect any adverse reactions promptly. Checking for allergic reactions, such as hives, itching, or difficulty breathing, is essential to ensure patient safety. Choice B is incorrect because verifying blood type and compatibility is typically done by the laboratory before the blood is issued for transfusion. Choice C is not a direct nursing consideration during the administration of blood products. While monitoring for signs of infection and sepsis is important in general patient care, it is not specific to blood transfusions. Choice D is also incorrect as ensuring consent is signed and preparing for possible reactions are important but do not directly relate to the immediate nursing considerations during blood product administration.
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