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PN ATI Comprehensive Predictor
1. A nurse is collecting data from an older adult client during a routine physical examination. Which of the following client statements should the nurse identify as a possible indication of maltreatment?
- A. My son took my wallet to keep track of my spending
- B. My son always cooks my meals for me
- C. My son doesn't want me to drive alone
- D. I exercise every day with my son
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Taking away a wallet to control spending is a form of financial maltreatment, which is a common form of abuse among older adults. Choices B, C, and D do not indicate maltreatment; rather, they show examples of care and concern from the son. Cooking meals, preventing the older adult from driving alone, and engaging in daily exercise are positive behaviors.
2. What are the steps in managing a patient with a pressure ulcer?
- A. Clean the wound and apply a hydrocolloid dressing
- B. Debride necrotic tissue and apply antibiotics
- C. Apply an alginate dressing and elevate the affected area
- D. Use moisture-retentive dressings and reposition frequently
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Clean the wound and apply a hydrocolloid dressing. This step is crucial in managing a pressure ulcer as it helps protect the ulcer from infection and promotes healing by creating a moist environment conducive to tissue repair. Choice B, debriding necrotic tissue and applying antibiotics, is more suitable for managing infected pressure ulcers but not as the initial step. Choice C, applying an alginate dressing and elevating the affected area, may be part of the management but is not the initial step. Choice D, using moisture-retentive dressings and repositioning frequently, is important for prevention but not the first step in managing an existing pressure ulcer.
3. A nurse is caring for an infant who is receiving IV fluids for dehydration. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as a positive response to the therapy?
- A. Tachycardia
- B. Hypotension
- C. Increased urine output
- D. Diarrhea
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Increased urine output is a positive sign that the IV fluids are effectively treating dehydration. Tachycardia (choice A) and hypotension (choice B) are signs of dehydration and would not be considered positive responses to therapy. Diarrhea (choice D) can worsen dehydration and is not a positive response to IV fluid therapy.
4. A nurse is reinforcing teaching about home care for conjunctivitis with the parent of a school-age child. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
- A. Use a separate washcloth for the child
- B. Apply cold compresses to the eyes
- C. Apply warm compresses to the eyes
- D. Keep the child home until symptoms have resolved
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is to use a separate washcloth for the child. This is important to prevent the spread of infection when a child has conjunctivitis. Using the same washcloth can lead to cross-contamination and further spread of the condition. Applying cold or warm compresses may provide comfort but do not address the prevention of spreading the infection. Keeping the child home until symptoms have resolved may be necessary, but the primary focus should be on preventing the spread of the infection within the household.
5. What are the complications of untreated Type 1 diabetes?
- A. Diabetic ketoacidosis and retinopathy
- B. Hypoglycemia and neuropathy
- C. Hypotension and kidney failure
- D. Infection and fluid overload
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Diabetic ketoacidosis and retinopathy are indeed common complications of untreated Type 1 diabetes. Diabetic ketoacidosis occurs when the body starts breaking down fat for fuel, leading to a dangerous buildup of ketones in the blood. Retinopathy refers to damage to the blood vessels of the retina due to high blood sugar levels over time. The other choices, hypoglycemia and neuropathy (choice B), hypotension and kidney failure (choice C), and infection and fluid overload (choice D) are not typically the primary complications associated with untreated Type 1 diabetes.
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