LPN LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Answers
1. Which lifestyle change should be emphasized for a client with hypertension?
- A. Increase sodium intake to prevent fluid retention
- B. Reduce sodium and caffeine intake
- C. Increase protein intake to promote muscle strength
- D. Increase intake of high-fat foods
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Reduce sodium and caffeine intake.' Clients with hypertension benefit from reducing sodium intake as it can help lower blood pressure levels. Caffeine also has a vasoconstrictive effect, which can increase blood pressure. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Increasing sodium intake would exacerbate hypertension due to fluid retention. While protein intake is important for overall health, it is not a primary focus in managing hypertension. Increasing intake of high-fat foods can lead to weight gain and negatively impact heart health, which is counterproductive for someone with hypertension.
2. What are the early signs of DVT?
- A. Leg pain, swelling, and redness
- B. Shortness of breath and high fever
- C. Cough and chest pain
- D. Decreased oxygen saturation and low blood pressure
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Leg pain, swelling, and redness are early signs of DVT. DVT (Deep Vein Thrombosis) is a condition where blood clots form in deep veins, commonly in the legs. These clots can cause symptoms like pain, swelling, and redness in the affected leg. Choices B, C, and D describe symptoms more commonly associated with other conditions like pulmonary embolism (shortness of breath and high fever), respiratory issues (cough and chest pain), and cardiovascular problems (decreased oxygen saturation and low blood pressure), respectively. Therefore, they are not indicative of early signs of DVT.
3. A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has a prescription for the use of oxygen in his home. Which of the following should the nurse teach the client about using oxygen safely in his home?
- A. Family members who smoke should be at least 10 ft away from the client when oxygen is in use
- B. Nail polish should not be used near a client who is receiving oxygen
- C. A 'No Smoking' sign should be placed on the front door
- D. Cotton bedding and clothing should be replaced with items made from wool
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Placing a 'No Smoking' sign on the front door is crucial for fire safety when using oxygen at home. Choice A is incorrect as family members who smoke should not be around the client when oxygen is in use, not just at a distance. Choice B is not directly related to oxygen safety. Choice D is also irrelevant as the type of bedding and clothing material does not impact oxygen safety.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who has been experiencing chronic pain. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?
- A. Provide the client with distractions such as television
- B. Administer pain medication around the clock
- C. Teach the client relaxation techniques
- D. Perform massage therapy on the client
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct intervention for a client experiencing chronic pain is to teach relaxation techniques. This helps the client manage pain more effectively by reducing stress and anxiety, which can contribute to the perception of pain. Providing distractions like television (Choice A) may offer temporary relief but does not address the underlying issue of chronic pain. Administering pain medication around the clock (Choice B) may lead to dependency and not promote holistic pain management. Massage therapy (Choice D) can be beneficial but may not be as effective as teaching relaxation techniques in the long term for managing chronic pain.
5. A nurse is collecting data from a male client who is scheduled for a left inguinal herniorrhaphy. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider?
- A. High blood pressure
- B. Decreased bowel sounds
- C. Constipation
- D. Difficulty urinating
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Difficulty urinating.' This finding is crucial to report promptly as it can indicate a complication, such as urinary retention or injury to the urinary tract, which are significant concerns post-hernia surgery. High blood pressure (Choice A) may require monitoring but is not as urgent as difficulty urinating. Decreased bowel sounds (Choice B) and constipation (Choice C) are common after surgery and may resolve with appropriate interventions but are not as critical as addressing difficulty urinating.
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