LPN LPN
LPN Pediatrics
1. A 3-year-old child has a sudden onset of respiratory distress. The mother denies any recent illnesses or fever. You should suspect:
- A. croup.
- B. foreign body airway obstruction.
- C. lower respiratory infection.
- D. epiglottitis.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In a 3-year-old child with a sudden onset of respiratory distress and no recent illnesses or fever, the likely cause is a foreign body airway obstruction. Foreign body obstruction can lead to sudden respiratory distress without other preceding symptoms. It is crucial to consider this possibility and act promptly to clear the airway in such cases to prevent serious complications.
2. Which of the following statements regarding pediatric anatomy is correct?
- A. The child's trachea is more rigid and less prone to collapse.
- B. The occiput is proportionately larger when compared to an adult.
- C. Airway obstruction is common in children due to their large uvula.
- D. Relative to the overall size of the airway, a child's epiglottis is smaller.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The occiput, the back part of the head, is proportionately larger in children compared to adults, which can have implications for airway management techniques. This anatomical difference is important to consider when providing care to pediatric patients, especially during airway interventions.
3. What is the purpose of the pediatric assessment triangle?
- A. Detect immediate life threats through a quick hands-on assessment.
- B. Identify if the child has a medical condition or a traumatic injury.
- C. Determine if the child's problem is respiratory or circulatory in nature.
- D. Form a general impression of the child without touching them.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The pediatric assessment triangle is used to form a rapid, hands-off general impression of the child's condition without directly touching them. This visual assessment helps in identifying children who require immediate attention and further evaluation.
4. A 7-year-old child has an altered mental status, high fever, and a generalized rash. You perform your assessment and administer supplemental oxygen. En route to the hospital, you should be MOST alert for:
- A. hypotension.
- B. combativeness.
- C. convulsions.
- D. respiratory distress.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In a 7-year-old child with altered mental status, high fever, and a generalized rash, the most critical concern is the potential for convulsions. These symptoms could indicate a serious underlying condition, such as a febrile seizure or another type of seizure activity. Monitoring for convulsions is crucial during transport to ensure prompt intervention if they occur, as seizures can lead to additional complications and require immediate management.
5. After an advanced airway device has been inserted in a 6-month-old infant in cardiopulmonary arrest, you should deliver ventilations at a rate of:
- A. 10 to 12 breaths/min.
- B. 12 to 20 breaths/min.
- C. 6 to 8 breaths/min.
- D. 8 to 10 breaths/min.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The appropriate ventilation rate for an infant with an advanced airway is 8 to 10 breaths per minute.
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