LPN LPN
PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment 2020 B
1. A nurse is preparing to administer total parenteral nutrition (TPN) to a client. Which of the following findings indicates a need to obtain a new bag of TPN before administering?
- A. The TPN solution has an oily appearance and a layer of fat on top of the solution.
- B. The TPN solution contains added electrolytes, vitamins, and trace elements.
- C. The bag of TPN was prepared by the pharmacy 12 hours prior.
- D. The bag of TPN is labeled with the client's name, medical record number, and prescription.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A TPN solution with an oily appearance and a layer of fat on top indicates that the solution is 'cracked' and should not be used as it may have separated or deteriorated. This finding suggests a need to obtain a new bag of TPN before administering. Options B, C, and D are normal aspects of TPN administration. Option B confirms the presence of essential components in the TPN solution, option C provides information about the preparation time, and option D ensures proper identification and matching of the TPN with the correct client.
2. A client has been prescribed lithium for bipolar disorder. Which of the following should the nurse teach the client to monitor for signs of toxicity?
- A. Nausea and vomiting
- B. Increased urination
- C. Tremors
- D. Blurred vision
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tremors. Lithium toxicity can present with symptoms such as tremors, nausea, and blurred vision. Tremors are a common early sign of lithium toxicity and should be monitored closely. While nausea and vomiting can also occur with lithium toxicity, tremors are more specific to lithium toxicity. Increased urination is not typically associated with lithium toxicity, and blurred vision is less common compared to tremors in this context.
3. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of pantoprazole. Which of the following should be included?
- A. It should be taken on an empty stomach
- B. It reduces stomach acid production
- C. It can cause headache
- D. It should not be used with other antacids
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct information to include when teaching a client about pantoprazole is that it can cause headaches. Option A is incorrect because pantoprazole is usually taken before meals. Option B is not necessary information for the client to know. Option D is not directly related to the side effects of pantoprazole.
4. A nurse is caring for a client with a prescription for duloxetine. Which of the following should the nurse monitor?
- A. Liver function
- B. Serum electrolytes
- C. Blood glucose
- D. Potassium levels
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A) Liver function. Duloxetine can affect liver function, making it crucial for the nurse to monitor liver function tests. Monitoring serum electrolytes (choice B), blood glucose (choice C), or potassium levels (choice D) is not directly associated with duloxetine use and would not be the priority in this case.
5. A nurse is caring for a client with chronic pain. Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize?
- A. Administer pain medications as prescribed
- B. Encourage physical activity
- C. Monitor for depression
- D. Educate about alternative therapies
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Administering pain medications as prescribed is a priority to manage chronic pain effectively. Pain medications help alleviate the client's discomfort and improve their quality of life. Encouraging physical activity, monitoring for depression, and educating about alternative therapies are important interventions but may not directly address the immediate need for pain relief in a client with chronic pain. Physical activity and alternative therapies can be beneficial as part of a holistic pain management plan, but addressing the pain directly should be the initial priority.
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