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PN ATI Capstone Proctored Comprehensive Assessment 2020 B
1. A nurse is teaching a client about the use of pantoprazole. Which of the following should be included?
- A. It should be taken on an empty stomach
- B. It reduces stomach acid production
- C. It can cause headache
- D. It should not be used with other antacids
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct information to include when teaching a client about pantoprazole is that it can cause headaches. Option A is incorrect because pantoprazole is usually taken before meals. Option B is not necessary information for the client to know. Option D is not directly related to the side effects of pantoprazole.
2. A nurse is preparing to administer a dose of insulin. Which of the following should the nurse do first?
- A. Check the expiration date
- B. Verify the client's blood glucose level
- C. Obtain the client's weight
- D. Assess for signs of hypoglycemia
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to verify the client's blood glucose level first before administering insulin. This step is crucial to determine the appropriate dose of insulin based on the client's current blood glucose level. Checking the expiration date (Choice A) is important but not the first step in this scenario. Obtaining the client's weight (Choice C) is not directly related to the immediate administration of insulin. Assessing for signs of hypoglycemia (Choice D) should be done after administering insulin to monitor for potential side effects or adverse reactions.
3. A home health nurse is providing teaching to a patient who has a new diagnosis of a gastric ulcer and a new prescription for sucralfate oral suspension. What statement by the patient indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will take this medicine with meals.
- B. I will take this medicine right before bed.
- C. I will take this medicine 1 hour before meals and at bedtime.
- D. I will take this medicine only when I have symptoms.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because sucralfate should be taken on an empty stomach, 1 hour before meals, and at bedtime to coat the ulcer and protect it from stomach acid. Choice A is incorrect because taking it with meals may reduce its effectiveness. Choice B is incorrect as it should not be taken right before bed. Choice D is incorrect as sucralfate should be taken regularly as prescribed, not just when symptoms occur.
4. A nurse is assessing four clients for fluid balance. Which of the following clients is exhibiting manifestations of dehydration?
- A. A client who has a urine specific gravity of 1.010.
- B. A client who has a weight gain of 2.2 kg (2 lb) in 24 hr.
- C. A client who has a hematocrit of 45%.
- D. A client who has a temperature of 39°C (102°F).
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because an elevated temperature is a common manifestation of dehydration. Choices A, B, and C are not indicative of dehydration. A urine specific gravity of 1.010 is within normal range, weight gain suggests fluid overload, and a hematocrit of 45% is also within normal limits and not specifically related to dehydration.
5. A nurse is caring for a client with a new prescription for furosemide. Which of the following should the nurse monitor?
- A. Serum potassium levels
- B. Liver function
- C. Blood glucose levels
- D. Calcium levels
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: When a client is prescribed furosemide, the nurse should monitor serum potassium levels. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can lead to potassium loss, potentially causing hypokalemia. Monitoring serum potassium levels is crucial to prevent complications such as cardiac dysrhythmias. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because furosemide primarily affects potassium excretion rather than liver function, blood glucose levels, or calcium levels.
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