LPN LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor
1. A charge nurse on a long-term care unit is preparing to delegate tasks to a licensed practical nurse (LPN) and an assistive personnel (AP). Which of the following tasks should the charge nurse delegate to the LPN?
- A. Insert an IV catheter
- B. Administer initial NG tube feeding
- C. Administer insulin
- D. Give medications for diabetes
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct task to delegate to the LPN is administering initial NG tube feeding. LPNs are trained to carry out this task as it falls within their scope of practice. Inserting an IV catheter (Choice A) is typically performed by registered nurses. Administering insulin (Choice C) and giving medications for diabetes (Choice D) involve assessing the patient's condition and adjusting medication dosage, which are responsibilities of registered nurses or higher-level healthcare providers.
2. A client with a tracheostomy is exhibiting signs of respiratory distress. What is the first action the nurse should take?
- A. Increase the suction setting on the ventilator
- B. Suction the tracheostomy
- C. Notify the physician immediately
- D. Encourage deep breathing exercises
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct first action for a client with a tracheostomy exhibiting signs of respiratory distress is to suction the tracheostomy. This helps clear the airway and improve breathing. Increasing the suction setting on the ventilator is not appropriate as the issue may be related to secretions that need to be directly removed. Notifying the physician should come after providing immediate nursing interventions. Encouraging deep breathing exercises is not suitable when the client is in respiratory distress and needs prompt intervention.
3. A client who decides not to have surgery despite significant blockages in his coronary arteries is an example of what principle?
- A. Fidelity
- B. Autonomy
- C. Justice
- D. Non-maleficence
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Autonomy. Autonomy in healthcare refers to respecting a patient's right to make decisions about their own care, even if those decisions may not align with healthcare providers' recommendations. In this scenario, the client's decision not to have surgery despite significant blockages in his coronary arteries demonstrates his autonomy in making choices about his own health. Choice A, Fidelity, refers to the concept of keeping promises and being faithful to commitments, which is not applicable in this situation. Choice C, Justice, involves fairness and equal treatment in healthcare, which is not the primary principle at play when a patient exercises autonomy. Choice D, Non-maleficence, relates to the principle of doing no harm, which is important but not directly relevant to the client's decision to refuse surgery.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who is in severe pain. Which of the following questions should the nurse ask first?
- A. How severe is your pain on a scale of 1 to 10?
- B. Where is your pain located?
- C. What medication are you taking for the pain?
- D. When did the pain start?
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Where is your pain located?' When a client is experiencing severe pain, determining the location of the pain is crucial as it helps the nurse identify potential causes and select appropriate interventions. Option A may be important but assessing the location of pain takes precedence as it can provide valuable information for immediate management. Option C focuses on the current treatment, which is important but not the first priority. Option D, knowing when the pain started, is relevant but does not help in immediate pain management.
5. The nurse is caring for a manic client in the seclusion room, and it is time for lunch. It is MOST appropriate for the nurse to take which of the following actions?
- A. Take the client to the dining room with 1:1 supervision
- B. Inform the client they may go to the dining room when they control their behavior
- C. Hold the meal until the client is able to come out of seclusion
- D. Serve the meal to the client in the seclusion room
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In the scenario described, the manic client is in the seclusion room, and it is most appropriate for the nurse to serve the meal to the client in the seclusion room. This action helps maintain the client's nutritional needs while managing their behavior. Taking the client to the dining room with 1:1 supervision (Choice A) may pose safety risks both for the client and others. Informing the client they may go to the dining room when they control their behavior (Choice B) may not be feasible in a manic state. Holding the meal until the client is able to come out of seclusion (Choice C) can lead to nutritional deficiencies and does not address the immediate need for nutrition during the episode of mania.
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