LPN LPN
Pediatric ATI Proctored Test
1. A child newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus has been stabilized with insulin injections daily. A nurse prepares a discharge teaching plan regarding the insulin. The teaching plan should reinforce which of the following concepts?
- A. Always store insulin vials in the refrigerator
- B. Adjust insulin dosage before exercise
- C. Presence of ketones in urine indicates a need for less insulin
- D. Systematically rotate injection sites
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Systematically rotating injection sites is crucial to prevent tissue damage and ensure optimal insulin absorption. This practice helps in preventing lipohypertrophy, a condition characterized by fat accumulation at injection sites, which can affect insulin absorption and lead to inconsistent blood glucose control. By rotating injection sites, the risk of skin and tissue damage is minimized, and insulin's effectiveness is maintained over time.
2. A patient has been diagnosed with hypothyroidism; the nurse tells the patient not to eat goitrogens. Which of the following is an example of a goitrogen?
- A. Orange
- B. Tomatoes
- C. Cabbage
- D. Grapes
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Cabbage is an example of a goitrogen. Goitrogens are substances that can interfere with thyroid function by inhibiting the uptake of iodine. Cabbage contains compounds that can have this effect and should be consumed in moderation by individuals with hypothyroidism.
3. When educating the mother of a child with respiratory disease who needs a lot of fluids, the mother tells the nurse that when she offers her 24-month-old son juice, he always shakes his head and says, 'No'. The nurse suggests that the mother:
- A. Be firm and hand him the glass
- B. Distract him with some food
- C. Let him see that he is making her angry
- D. Offer him a choice of two things to drink
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Offering a choice can help the child feel more in control and willing to drink. By providing the child with options, the mother empowers him to make a decision, which can increase his willingness to drink fluids. This approach promotes a sense of autonomy and may lead to a more positive response from the child, ultimately contributing to better fluid intake, especially important for a child with a respiratory disease.
4. A 7-year-old child named Kanjaga exhibits symptoms like fatigue, slow heart rate, dry skin, slower growth, and delayed puberty. Which of the following is the appropriate diagnosis for this deficiency that slows body processes?
- A. Diabetes
- B. Hypothyroidism
- C. Growth hormone deficiency
- D. Stunted growth
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The appropriate diagnosis for the symptoms described in Kanjaga, a 7-year-old child, is hypothyroidism. Hypothyroidism can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, slow heart rate, dry skin, slower growth, and delayed puberty in children.
5. A 6-year-old child is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia. An immediate priority in this child's nursing care would be:
- A. Elimination
- B. Exercise
- C. Nutrition
- D. Rest
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Rest is crucial for recovery in a child with pneumonia as it allows the body to focus its energy on fighting the infection and promoting healing. Adequate rest helps reduce the workload on the lungs, promotes oxygenation, and supports the immune system's response to combat the infection. It is essential to prioritize rest to facilitate a faster recovery and prevent complications in children with pneumonia.
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