which of the following are not infectious causes of diarrhea
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Nursing Elites

ATI LPN

Pediatric ATI Proctored Test

1. Which of the following are not infectious causes of diarrhea?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Diarrhea can be caused by various infectious agents such as bacteria, parasites, and viruses. Allergy, on the other hand, is a non-infectious cause of diarrhea. When an individual with a food allergy consumes the specific food they are allergic to, it can trigger diarrhea as a part of the allergic reaction.

2. What is the appropriate amount of fluid to be administered per hour using an infusion pump?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is 108.3mL. This amount is calculated based on the total daily fluid requirement, ensuring a consistent infusion rate over the hour.

3. When treating Baby John, who has been diagnosed with a lower respiratory infection, the selection of drugs of choice for the treatment depends primarily on:

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The primary factor in selecting drugs for the treatment of a lower respiratory infection in Baby John is the sensitivity of the organism causing the infection. The choice of antibiotics should be guided by the susceptibility of the specific pathogen to ensure effective treatment and prevent resistance.

4. A 3-year-old child has been admitted to your pediatric ward. The doctor gave a provisional diagnosis of respiratory tract infection. After careful assessment and history, a final diagnosis of lower respiratory infection was made. Which of the following signs will confirm the diagnosis?

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Inability to lie supine is a characteristic sign of lower respiratory infection. This positioning preference is often seen in patients with lower respiratory infections due to discomfort or difficulty breathing when lying flat on their back. While cough and fever are common symptoms associated with respiratory infections, they are not specific to lower respiratory infections. Inability to eat may indicate general illness or discomfort but is not a specific indicator of lower respiratory infection.

5. Which of the following findings is abnormal?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A heart rate of 80 beats per minute in a 3-month-old infant is abnormally low for that age group and could indicate underlying health issues. The normal heart rate for a 3-month-old infant is typically higher, around 100-150 beats per minute. Therefore, this finding stands out as abnormal and warrants further evaluation. Choice A is not necessarily abnormal in a newly born infant as irregular breathing patterns can be common during the neonatal period. Choice C falls within the normal respiratory rate range for a 2-year-old child, which is around 20-30 breaths per minute. Choice D reflects a systolic blood pressure value within the normal range for a 10-year-old child, which is typically around 90-110 mm Hg.

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