LPN LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023
1. What are early indicators of dehydration?
- A. Dry mouth
- B. Increased thirst
- C. Decreased urine output
- D. Dizziness
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, dry mouth, and B, increased thirst are early indicators of dehydration. Dry mouth occurs when the body is dehydrated, and increased thirst is the body's way of trying to increase fluid intake to combat dehydration. Choices C and D, decreased urine output and dizziness, can be signs of severe dehydration but are not typically considered early indicators.
2. A client expresses doubt about the benefits of surgery. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
- A. Ask the client to explain why they believe the surgery won't help.
- B. Comment on the client's doubt regarding the procedure's benefits.
- C. Assure the client that everything will be fine.
- D. Acknowledge the client's uncertainty about the surgery.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Option D is the most appropriate response as it acknowledges the client's expressed uncertainty about the surgery. By acknowledging the client's feelings, the nurse validates their concerns and opens the door for further discussion. This approach can help build trust and rapport with the client. Option A focuses more on seeking justification for the client's belief rather than addressing the underlying emotion. Option B, while acknowledging doubt, does not directly address the client's feelings. Option C, although well-intentioned, dismisses the client's concerns without exploring them further.
3. A client has a new diagnosis of Raynaud's disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Increase your intake of foods high in potassium.
- B. Keep your home environment warm.
- C. Elevate your legs when sitting.
- D. Reduce your intake of sodium.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to keep the home environment warm. Raynaud's disease causes vasospasm in response to cold, so maintaining a warm environment can help prevent attacks. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Increasing potassium intake, elevating legs when sitting, or reducing sodium intake are not specific to managing Raynaud's disease.
4. A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and is receiving digoxin. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a sign of digoxin toxicity?
- A. Bradycardia
- B. Tachycardia
- C. Hypotension
- D. Increased appetite
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Bradycardia is a common sign of digoxin toxicity. Digoxin, a medication used to treat heart failure, works by slowing down the heart rate and increasing the force of heart contractions. Excessive levels of digoxin can lead to toxicity, causing bradycardia (slow heart rate), among other symptoms. Tachycardia (fast heart rate) and hypotension (low blood pressure) are not typically associated with digoxin toxicity. Increased appetite is not a recognized sign of digoxin toxicity; instead, gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea, vomiting, and anorexia are more common.
5. A client is scheduled for a 12-lead ECG. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
- A. Ensure the client is fasting before the test
- B. Provide a warm blanket for the client
- C. Apply cold compresses to the client's chest
- D. Instruct the client to remain still
Correct answer: D
Rationale: During a 12-lead ECG, the client needs to remain still to obtain accurate readings. Therefore, instructing the client to remain still is essential. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because fasting is not necessary for an ECG, providing a warm blanket is not a standard procedure, and applying cold compresses may interfere with the ECG results.
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