LPN LPN
LPN Pharmacology Questions
1. A client has a new prescription for sertraline. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take the medication in the morning.
- B. Avoid consuming grapefruit juice.
- C. Take the medication with a full glass of water.
- D. Monitor for signs of weight gain.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct instruction for the nurse to include is to 'Avoid consuming grapefruit juice.' Grapefruit juice can increase sertraline levels, leading to an elevated risk of side effects. Instructing the client to avoid grapefruit juice is crucial to prevent potential interactions that could impact the effectiveness and safety of the medication. The other options are not directly related to sertraline administration. Taking the medication in the morning may vary depending on individual preferences or the prescriber's directions. Taking the medication with a full glass of water is a general instruction for many medications and not specific to sertraline. Monitoring for signs of weight gain is important but not a direct instruction related to taking sertraline.
2. A client has a new prescription for amlodipine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take the medication with food.
- B. Monitor blood pressure daily.
- C. Increase intake of potassium-rich foods.
- D. Avoid consuming grapefruit juice.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Monitor blood pressure daily.' When a client is prescribed amlodipine, it is essential to monitor their blood pressure regularly. Amlodipine is known to cause hypotension, so monitoring blood pressure helps ensure it stays within the desired range to prevent complications associated with low blood pressure. Choice A is incorrect because amlodipine can be taken with or without food. Choice C is incorrect as increasing potassium intake is not a specific instruction related to amlodipine. Choice D is incorrect as grapefruit juice interactions are not typically a concern with amlodipine.
3. A client who has been taking prednisone is being assessed by a nurse. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
- A. Weight gain
- B. Hyperglycemia
- C. Dry mouth
- D. Increased appetite
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Hyperglycemia is a significant finding in a client taking prednisone as it indicates the medication's impact on glucose metabolism. Prednisone can lead to increased blood sugar levels, which can be detrimental, especially in clients with diabetes or predisposition to hyperglycemia. Reporting hyperglycemia promptly to the healthcare provider is crucial for further evaluation and management to prevent complications. Choices A, C, and D are common side effects of prednisone but are not as concerning as hyperglycemia, which requires immediate attention to avoid potential adverse effects.
4. A client has a new prescription for metoprolol. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Monitor your blood pressure daily.
- B. Take the medication with food.
- C. Increase your intake of potassium-rich foods.
- D. Avoid consuming grapefruit juice.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, 'Monitor your blood pressure daily.' When a client is prescribed metoprolol, it is important to monitor blood pressure daily because the medication can cause hypotension, leading to low blood pressure. Regular monitoring allows for the early detection of any potential issues and adjustment of treatment if necessary. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Taking metoprolol with food is not necessary, increasing potassium-rich foods is not directly related to metoprolol therapy, and avoiding grapefruit juice is more relevant for certain other medications that interact with grapefruit.
5. When educating a client with a new prescription for nitroglycerin, which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Store the medication in a cool, dark place.
- B. Take the medication before bedtime.
- C. Take the medication with food.
- D. Take the medication at the first sign of chest pain.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client with a new prescription for nitroglycerin is to take the medication at the first sign of chest pain. Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator used to relieve chest pain associated with angina. Taking it at the onset of chest pain ensures prompt relief by dilating blood vessels and increasing blood flow to the heart muscle. Storing nitroglycerin in a cool, dark place helps maintain its potency, while taking it with food can alter its absorption. Timing the medication with bedtime is not necessary, but prompt administration at the first sign of chest pain is crucial for effective management of angina. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because storing the medication in a cool, dark place, taking it before bedtime, and taking it with food are not essential instructions for nitroglycerin use. The priority is to administer it promptly when chest pain occurs to achieve optimal therapeutic effects.
Similar Questions
Access More Features
ATI LPN Basic
$69.99/ 30 days
- 50,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 30 days access @ $69.99
ATI LPN Premium
$149.99/ 90 days
- 50,000 Questions with answers
- All ATI courses Coverage
- 30 days access @ $149.99