LPN LPN
PN Nutrition Assessment ATI
1. Exchange Lists for Meal Planning was originally intended as a meal-planning tool for people who have:
- A. cancer.
- B. diabetes.
- C. hypertension.
- D. heart disease.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: diabetes. Exchange Lists for Meal Planning were originally created to assist individuals with diabetes in managing their diet by providing a structured approach to balanced food exchanges. This system helps individuals regulate their blood sugar levels and maintain overall health. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because Exchange Lists for Meal Planning were not primarily developed for individuals with cancer, hypertension, or heart disease.
2. Which nutrient group provides the primary source of energy for the body?
- A. Carbohydrates.
- B. Fats.
- C. Proteins.
- D. Vitamins.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Carbohydrates are the body's primary source of energy. When carbohydrates are consumed, they are broken down into glucose, which is used by the body's cells for energy production. Fats and proteins are also essential nutrients, but carbohydrates are the preferred energy source for the body due to their quick conversion into fuel. Vitamins are not a direct source of energy but play crucial roles in various bodily functions.
3. Nutrients interact in the body to regulate metabolic processes, build and repair tissue, and to:
- A. provide energy.
- B. control cellular wastes.
- C. control hormone levels.
- D. regulate absorption.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: provide energy. Nutrients play a crucial role in providing energy for the body's various functions. While they do help in regulating metabolic processes and in building and repairing tissue, the primary function related to energy production. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as nutrients are not primarily responsible for controlling cellular wastes, hormone levels, or absorption.
4. Foodborne illness may be caused by contamination of food with:
- A. pesticides.
- B. genetically modified ingredients.
- C. microorganisms.
- D. food additives.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: microorganisms. Microorganisms, such as bacteria and viruses, are common causes of foodborne illnesses. These pathogens can contaminate food during various stages of production, processing, or preparation. Choice A, pesticides, are chemicals used to control pests and are not a common cause of foodborne illnesses. Genetically modified ingredients, choice B, refer to foods derived from genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and are not inherently linked to foodborne illnesses. Food additives, choice D, are substances added to food to preserve flavor or enhance taste and are not typically the primary cause of foodborne illnesses.
5. How many kilocalories are provided by 15 grams of protein?
- A. 15
- B. 45
- C. 60
- D. 135
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Protein provides 4 kcal per gram. Therefore, 15 grams of protein will provide 15 grams x 4 kcal/gram = 60 kcal. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not consider the caloric value of protein correctly.
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