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PN Nutrition Assessment ATI
1. An example of government nutrition policy is:
- A. MyPlate Food Guidance System.
- B. Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010.
- C. Healthy People 2020.
- D. Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs).
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Healthy People 2020. Healthy People 2020 is a government initiative that sets goals for improving the health of Americans, including specific nutritional objectives. Choices A, B, and D are not examples of government nutrition policies. MyPlate Food Guidance System is a visual tool to help individuals make healthy food choices, Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010 provide evidence-based advice for Americans two years and older, and Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are a set of nutrient reference values.
2. A major focus of the 2010 Dietary Guidelines is:
- A. generally healthy segments of the population
- B. the unhealthy American public
- C. vulnerable population segments
- D. ethnically diverse eating styles
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: the unhealthy American public. The 2010 Dietary Guidelines primarily aimed to address the unhealthy eating habits prevalent in the American population. Choice A is incorrect as the focus was not solely on generally healthy segments of the population. Choice C is incorrect as the guidelines were not specifically tailored only for vulnerable population segments. Choice D is incorrect as the guidelines were more concerned with promoting healthy eating habits rather than ethnically diverse eating styles.
3. What are the rhythmic contractions that propel food through the intestinal tract called?
- A. Segmentation
- B. Peristalsis
- C. Cardiospasm
- D. Pendular movements
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Peristalsis is the correct answer because it refers to the rhythmic contractions that propel food through the intestinal tract by pushing it along the digestive system. Segmentation, on the other hand, refers to the mixing movements in the intestines rather than the forward movement of food. Cardiospasm is a condition characterized by difficulty swallowing due to the inability of the esophagus to relax, and pendular movements are a type of motility found in the small intestine but do not specifically refer to the propulsion of food.
4. Which of the following provides the best source of nutrients?
- A. specific food combinations.
- B. a variety of foods.
- C. individual foods.
- D. a variety of food supplements.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A variety of foods is the best source of nutrients because it ensures a balanced intake of all essential nutrients required by the body. Option A, specific food combinations, may not provide all necessary nutrients as relying on only a few types of food may lead to deficiencies. Option C, individual foods, also may not provide a complete range of nutrients necessary for overall health. Option D, a variety of food supplements, is not the best source of nutrients as whole foods are generally more beneficial due to their natural nutrient composition and bioavailability.
5. The major focus of nutritional recommendations in this century has shifted to:
- A. prevention and control of chronic diseases.
- B. improved sanitation and public health.
- C. prevention and control of infectious diseases.
- D. development of healthful foods using food technology.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: prevention and control of chronic diseases. In this century, nutritional recommendations have increasingly emphasized the importance of preventing and managing chronic diseases like obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Lifestyle factors such as diet play a significant role in the development of these conditions. Option B, improved sanitation and public health, although important for overall health, is not the primary focus of nutritional recommendations. Option C, prevention and control of infectious diseases, is also crucial but does not reflect the current major focus of nutritional recommendations. Option D, development of healthful foods using food technology, is a valid area of interest but is not the primary shift in focus observed in nutritional recommendations.
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