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PN Nutrition Assessment ATI
1. Exchange Lists for Meal Planning was originally intended as a meal-planning tool for people who have:
- A. cancer.
- B. diabetes.
- C. hypertension.
- D. heart disease.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: diabetes. Exchange Lists for Meal Planning were originally created to assist individuals with diabetes in managing their diet by providing a structured approach to balanced food exchanges. This system helps individuals regulate their blood sugar levels and maintain overall health. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because Exchange Lists for Meal Planning were not primarily developed for individuals with cancer, hypertension, or heart disease.
2. Which nutrient group provides the primary source of energy for the body?
- A. Carbohydrates.
- B. Fats.
- C. Proteins.
- D. Vitamins.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Carbohydrates are the body's primary source of energy. When carbohydrates are consumed, they are broken down into glucose, which is used by the body's cells for energy production. Fats and proteins are also essential nutrients, but carbohydrates are the preferred energy source for the body due to their quick conversion into fuel. Vitamins are not a direct source of energy but play crucial roles in various bodily functions.
3. How many kilocalories (kcal) are provided by a food containing 30 grams of carbohydrate?
- A. 90
- B. 120
- C. 180
- D. 270
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 120. Carbohydrates provide 4 kcal per gram, so 30 grams of carbohydrates will provide 120 kcal. This is calculated by multiplying the grams of carbohydrate (30) by the kcal per gram (4). Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not reflect the correct calculation based on the energy content of carbohydrates.
4. An example of government nutrition policy is:
- A. MyPlate Food Guidance System.
- B. Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010.
- C. Healthy People 2020.
- D. Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs).
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Healthy People 2020. Healthy People 2020 is a government initiative that sets goals for improving the health of Americans, including specific nutritional objectives. Choices A, B, and D are not examples of government nutrition policies. MyPlate Food Guidance System is a visual tool to help individuals make healthy food choices, Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010 provide evidence-based advice for Americans two years and older, and Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are a set of nutrient reference values.
5. Dietary guidelines are most useful for:
- A. limiting portion sizes.
- B. designing a personal food plan.
- C. making smart food choices.
- D. avoiding excessive nutrient intakes.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Dietary guidelines are designed to assist individuals in making smart food choices by providing recommendations on what to eat to maintain good health. While portion sizes may be a part of these guidelines, they are not the primary focus. Designing a personal food plan involves individual preferences and needs, which may go beyond general guidelines. Avoiding excessive nutrient intakes is important, but dietary guidelines aim to provide balanced recommendations rather than just focusing on avoiding excess.
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