the primary function of carbohydrates as a food source is to

ATI LPN

PN Nutrition Assessment ATI

1. What is the primary function of carbohydrates as a food source?

A. Regulate metabolic processes.
B. Build body tissue.
C. Supply energy.
D. Provide bulk.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The primary function of carbohydrates as a food source is to supply energy. Carbohydrates are the body's main source of energy, providing fuel for various physiological functions. Choice A is incorrect because carbohydrates do not primarily regulate metabolic processes; that role is mainly attributed to enzymes and hormones. Choice B is incorrect because proteins are primarily responsible for building body tissue. Choice D is incorrect because fiber, not all carbohydrates, provides bulk in the diet.

2. Which of the following is one of the simplest amino acids?

A. Arginine
B. Valine
C. Lysine
D. Glycine

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is Glycine. Glycine is indeed one of the simplest amino acids as it consists of just a hydrogen atom as its side chain. Arginine, Valine, and Lysine are all more complex amino acids compared to Glycine, making them incorrect choices for this question.

3. Which lipoprotein carries fat from a meal just consumed to the liver?

A. Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL).
B. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL).
C. Chylomicrons.
D. High-density lipoprotein (HDL).

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Chylomicrons are the lipoproteins responsible for transporting dietary fat from the intestines to various tissues, including the liver. VLDL carries lipids synthesized in the liver, LDL transports cholesterol to tissues, and HDL helps transport cholesterol away from tissues to the liver for excretion. Therefore, in the context of carrying fat from a meal just consumed to the liver, chylomicrons are the correct choice.

4. In addition to active transport, which process is involved in absorbing food in the small intestine?

A. pinocytosis
B. excretion
C. phagocytosis
D. electrochemical diffusion

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is pinocytosis. Pinocytosis is a process where cells in the small intestine absorb nutrients by engulfing them. This process is different from phagocytosis, which involves engulfing large particles, and excretion, which is the removal of waste products. Electrochemical diffusion is not directly involved in the absorption of food in the small intestine.

5. Exchange Lists for Meal Planning was devised by the American Dietetic Association in collaboration with which organization?

A. the American Cancer Society
B. the American Diabetes Association
C. the American Heart Association
D. the Culinary Institute of America

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: the American Diabetes Association. The American Dietetic Association collaborated with the American Diabetes Association to devise the Exchange Lists for Meal Planning. This collaboration aimed to assist individuals, especially those with diabetes, in planning balanced meals. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they were not involved in the development of the Exchange Lists.