Nursing Elites

1. At what pH does the digestion of protein by pepsin in the stomach require?

• A. 1.8 and 3.5.
• B. 4.8 and 7.0.
• C. 6.8 and 8.5.
• D. 7.8 and 10.0.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 1.8 and 3.5. Pepsin, an enzyme involved in protein digestion, functions optimally in an acidic environment, specifically between pH 1.8 and 3.5. This low pH is necessary for pepsin to break down proteins effectively. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because pepsin requires a highly acidic environment, ruling out the pH ranges listed in those options.

2. What are dextrins?

• A. Polysaccharides.
• B. End products of starch digestion.
• C. Formed in the liver.
• D. Rapidly excreted.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Dextrins are a type of polysaccharides formed during the breakdown of starch. Choice A is correct because dextrins are indeed polysaccharides, not the end products of starch digestion (Choice B). They are not formed in the liver (Choice C) nor rapidly excreted (Choice D).

3. To prevent symptoms of fatigue, dehydration, and energy loss, what is the daily recommended minimum intake of carbohydrates?

• A. 130 g.
• B. 230 g.
• C. 330 g.
• D. 430 g.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 130 g. The recommended minimum intake of carbohydrates to prevent fatigue, dehydration, and energy loss is 130 grams per day. Consuming an adequate amount of carbohydrates provides the body with energy and helps prevent symptoms associated with insufficient carbohydrate intake. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they suggest higher amounts of carbohydrate intake, which may not necessarily align with the recommended daily minimum intake for preventing symptoms of fatigue, dehydration, and energy loss.

4. Which observation provides evidence that a person has good nutritional status?

• A. Small muscle mass.
• B. Normal weight-to-height ratio.
• C. Smooth tongue.
• D. Fragile skin.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A normal weight-to-height ratio is a reliable indicator of good nutritional status as it suggests that the person is well-nourished and not underweight or overweight. Small muscle mass (choice A) can indicate malnutrition, a smooth tongue (choice C) can be a sign of vitamin deficiencies, and fragile skin (choice D) can be a sign of poor nutrition or other health issues, but they are not as direct indicators of good nutritional status as a normal weight-to-height ratio.

5. One characteristic of an essential fatty acid is that it:

• A. comes from a plant source.
• B. comes from an animal source.
• C. is not manufactured by the body.
• D. is manufactured by the body.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because essential fatty acids are not manufactured by the body and must be obtained through the diet. Choice A is incorrect because essential fatty acids can come from plant sources as well. Choice B is incorrect as essential fatty acids are primarily derived from plant sources. Choice D is incorrect because essential fatty acids cannot be produced by the body. Therefore, the only accurate statement is that essential fatty acids are not manufactured by the body.

Similar Questions