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ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2024
1. A client post-lumbar puncture should be in which position?
- A. High Fowler's position
- B. Prone position
- C. Supine position
- D. Sitting position
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The most appropriate position for a client post-lumbar puncture is the supine position. Placing the client in a supine position helps prevent spinal headaches by allowing the puncture site to seal effectively and reducing the risk of cerebrospinal fluid leakage. High Fowler's position, prone position, and sitting position are not recommended after a lumbar puncture as they may increase the risk of complications like spinal headaches.
2. When using restraints for an agitated/aggressive patient, which of the following statements should NOT influence the nurse's actions during this intervention?
- A. The institution's restraints/seclusion policies
- B. The patient's competence
- C. The patient's voluntary/involuntary status
- D. The patient's nursing care plan
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the patient's voluntary or involuntary status should not impact the nurse's actions when using restraints. The use of restraints should be based on the patient's behavior and the need to ensure their safety and the safety of others. Choices A, B, and D are important factors that should influence the nurse's actions. The institution's restraints/seclusion policies provide guidelines on the appropriate use of restraints, the patient's competence helps determine their understanding and ability to control their behavior, and the patient's nursing care plan guides the overall care provided, including the use of restraints if necessary.
3. A client who is to undergo surgery for a hip fracture is being taught by a nurse about postoperative pain management. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will ask for pain medication only if the pain becomes unbearable.
- B. I will ask the nurse to increase my medication if the pain doesn't subside.
- C. I will wait until the pain is severe before taking my medication.
- D. I will take my medication at regular intervals to stay ahead of the pain.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because taking pain medication at regular intervals helps maintain consistent pain control after surgery. Option A is incorrect because waiting for the pain to become unbearable can lead to inadequate pain management. Option B is incorrect as it suggests increasing medication without a schedule. Option C is incorrect because waiting for the pain to be severe before taking medication is not proactive pain management.
4. What are the risk factors for developing pneumonia in older adults?
- A. Immobility and decreased lung function
- B. Poor hygiene and aspiration
- C. Use of respiratory equipment and medications
- D. Poor nutritional status and compromised immune system
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Immobility and decreased lung function. Older adults with immobility and decreased lung function are at a higher risk of developing pneumonia. Immobility can lead to decreased lung expansion and impaired clearance of secretions, predisposing to pneumonia. While poor hygiene, aspiration, use of respiratory equipment, medications, poor nutritional status, and compromised immune system can also contribute to pneumonia risk, they are not as directly associated with pneumonia in older adults as immobility and decreased lung function.
5. What are the complications of untreated hypertension?
- A. Heart disease and stroke
- B. Kidney failure and vision loss
- C. Pulmonary embolism and arrhythmias
- D. Blood clots and gastrointestinal bleeding
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Heart disease and stroke.' Untreated hypertension can lead to various complications, including heart disease and stroke. These are common outcomes of long-term high blood pressure. Choice B, 'Kidney failure and vision loss,' is incorrect as kidney failure and vision loss are more commonly associated with diabetic complications rather than untreated hypertension. Choice C, 'Pulmonary embolism and arrhythmias,' while serious, are not among the primary complications of untreated hypertension. Choice D, 'Blood clots and gastrointestinal bleeding,' are not typical complications of untreated hypertension but can occur due to other conditions such as blood clotting disorders or gastrointestinal diseases.
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