ATI LPN
ATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Answers
1. What is the proper technique for obtaining a blood specimen from a central venous line?
- A. Use sterile gloves and discard the first 10 mL of blood
- B. Flush the line with heparin and then draw the specimen
- C. Draw the specimen and then administer heparin
- D. Use non-sterile gloves to reduce contamination risk
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct technique for obtaining a blood specimen from a central venous line is to use sterile gloves and discard the first 10 mL of blood. This practice helps ensure that the blood sample collected is not contaminated. Choice B is incorrect because flushing the line with heparin before drawing the specimen can contaminate the sample. Choice C is incorrect as administering heparin before drawing the specimen can affect the accuracy of the blood sample. Choice D is incorrect as using non-sterile gloves increases the risk of contamination, which is not recommended when obtaining a blood specimen from a central venous line.
2. A client with acute diverticulitis is receiving teaching from a nurse. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the instructions?
- A. I will avoid eating fiber until this condition resolves
- B. I will take a laxative daily
- C. I will receive the nutrients I need through my IV fluids
- D. I will eat only solid foods
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. During acute diverticulitis, avoiding fiber is essential as it helps reduce irritation of the intestines. Choice B is incorrect because taking a laxative daily can exacerbate diverticulitis. Choice C is incorrect as IV fluids mainly provide hydration and electrolytes, not all essential nutrients. Choice D is incorrect because during acute diverticulitis, a low-fiber or liquid diet is typically recommended to rest the bowel.
3. A nurse is caring for a client with a chest tube post-surgery. What is the most important assessment?
- A. Ensure the chest tube is clamped periodically
- B. Check for air leaks and ensure proper chest tube function
- C. Encourage deep breathing and coughing every 2 hours
- D. Ensure the client is positioned in a high Fowler's position
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Check for air leaks and ensure proper chest tube function.' This is the most important assessment for a client with a chest tube post-surgery because it ensures that the chest tube is functioning properly. Checking for air leaks helps prevent complications such as pneumothorax or hemothorax. Choice A is incorrect because clamping the chest tube periodically can lead to serious complications and should not be done unless specifically ordered by a healthcare provider. Choice C is important for promoting lung expansion but is not the most critical assessment related to the chest tube. Choice D is also important for respiratory function but is not the priority when assessing a chest tube post-surgery.
4. A healthcare professional is reviewing the medical records of a client who has a pressure ulcer. Which of the following is an expected finding?
- A. Serum albumin level of 3 g/dL
- B. HDL level of 90 mg/dL
- C. Norton scale score of 18
- D. Braden scale score of 20
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A serum albumin level of 3 g/dL is indicative of poor nutrition, which is commonly associated with pressure ulcers. This finding suggests that the client may be at risk for developing or already has a pressure ulcer due to malnutrition. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) level of 90 mg/dL (Choice B) is not directly related to pressure ulcers. The Norton scale (Choice C) is used to assess a client's risk of developing pressure ulcers, not as a finding in a client with an existing pressure ulcer. The Braden scale (Choice D) is also a tool used to assess the risk of developing pressure ulcers, not a finding in a client with an existing pressure ulcer.
5. Which instruction is crucial for a client with diabetes being discharged?
- A. Take insulin only when feeling unwell
- B. Administer insulin before meals as prescribed
- C. Monitor blood sugar levels weekly
- D. Check blood sugar once in the morning
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Administering insulin before meals as prescribed is crucial for a client with diabetes being discharged because it ensures proper blood sugar control. Choice A is incorrect because insulin should not be taken only when feeling unwell; it should be taken as prescribed. Choice C is incorrect as monitoring blood sugar levels weekly may not provide timely adjustments to insulin doses. Choice D is incorrect as checking blood sugar only once in the morning is not sufficient for proper diabetes management.
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