Nursing Elites

1. When administering IV fluids to a dehydrated infant, what intervention is most important at this time?

• A. Continuing the prescribed flow rate
• B. Monitoring the intravenous drop rate
• C. Calculating the total necessary intake
• D. Maintaining the fluid at body temperature

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Monitoring the intravenous drop rate is the most crucial intervention when administering IV fluids to a dehydrated infant. This ensures that the correct amount of fluids is being delivered to the infant at the appropriate rate. While continuing the prescribed flow rate (Choice A) may be important, it does not allow for real-time adjustments that may be necessary during the infusion. Calculating the total necessary intake (Choice C) should have been determined before initiating IV therapy. Maintaining the fluid at body temperature (Choice D) is important for patient comfort but is not as critical as ensuring the proper administration of fluids.

2. According to Friedman's structural functional theory, what defines the family component of meeting the love and belonging needs of each member?

• A. Meeting the love and belonging needs of each member
• B. Teaching children how to function and assume adult roles in society
• C. Ensuring the family has necessary resources with appropriate allocation
• D. Involving the provision of physical care to keep the family healthy

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Friedman's structural functional theory outlines different functions of a family. The affective function, as defined by Friedman, pertains to meeting the love and belonging needs of each member. This includes emotional support, nurturing, and creating a sense of security within the family unit. Choices B, C, and D do not specifically address the affective function described in Friedman's theory. Choice B focuses on socialization and preparing children for adult roles, choice C relates to the economic function of a family, and choice D pertains to the instrumental function of providing physical care for health.

3. A healthcare professional plans to discuss childhood nutrition with a group of parents whose children have Down syndrome in an attempt to minimize a common nutritional problem. What problem should be addressed?

• A. Rickets
• B. Obesity
• C. Anemia
• D. Rumination

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Childhood obesity is a prevalent issue in children with Down syndrome due to factors such as decreased physical activity, slower metabolism, and potential overeating tendencies. Addressing obesity is crucial to promoting healthy lifestyles and preventing associated health complications. Rickets, a condition caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, is not commonly associated with Down syndrome. While anemia can occur in individuals with Down syndrome, obesity is a more common concern. Rumination, the regurgitation of food without nausea, is not a typical nutritional problem in children with Down syndrome.

4. When caring for a child diagnosed with sickle cell anemia, what is the priority nursing intervention?

• A. Administering pain medication
• B. Ensuring adequate hydration
• C. Providing nutritional support
• D. Monitoring vital signs

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The priority nursing intervention when caring for a child with sickle cell anemia is administering pain medication. Pain management is crucial in sickle cell anemia due to vaso-occlusive crises that can cause severe pain. While ensuring adequate hydration, providing nutritional support, and monitoring vital signs are important aspects of care for a child with sickle cell anemia, addressing the pain with appropriate medication takes precedence to alleviate the child's suffering and improve their quality of life.

5. A 13-year-old girl tells the nurse at the pediatric clinic that she took a pregnancy test and it was positive. She adds that her grandfather, with whom she, her younger sisters, and her mother live, has repeatedly molested her for the past 3 years. When the nurse asks the girl if she has told this to anyone, she replies, 'Yes, but my mother doesn’t believe me.' Legally, who should the nurse notify?

• A. Police regarding a potential sex crime
• B. Health care provider to confirm the pregnancy
• C. Child Protective Services for immediate intervention
• D. The girl’s mother about the positive pregnancy test result

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In cases of child abuse and ongoing molestation, as described in the scenario, the primary concern is the safety and well-being of the child. Child Protective Services should be notified immediately for intervention to protect the girl and other children in the household from further harm. The police may be involved later to investigate the criminal aspect of the abuse. Notifying the healthcare provider solely to confirm the pregnancy or informing the girl’s mother about the positive test result does not address the urgent need for intervention and protection from abuse. Child Protective Services are trained to handle such cases and provide the necessary support and protection for the child and other vulnerable individuals in the family. Immediate action is crucial to ensure the girl's safety and prevent further harm.

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