Nursing Elites

1. A child with diabetes insipidus is being treated with vasopressin. The nurse would assess the child closely for signs and symptoms of which condition?

• A. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
• B. Thyroid storm
• C. Cushing syndrome
• D. Vitamin D toxicity

Correct answer: A

Rationale: When a child with diabetes insipidus is treated with vasopressin, the nurse should closely monitor for signs and symptoms of Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH). Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone, helps retain water in the body. Excessive vasopressin administration can lead to water retention, dilutional hyponatremia, and potentially result in SIADH. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they are not directly associated with the use of vasopressin in treating diabetes insipidus.

2. When developing the plan of care for a child with burns requiring fluid replacement therapy, what information would the nurse expect to include?

• A. Administration of colloid initially followed by a crystalloid
• B. Determination of fluid replacement based on the type of burn
• C. Administration of most of the volume during the first 8 hours
• D. Monitoring of hourly urine output to achieve less than 1 mL/kg/hr

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. In fluid replacement therapy for burns, it is crucial to administer most of the volume during the first 8 hours to prevent shock and maintain perfusion. This rapid administration is essential to stabilize the child's condition. Choices A and B are incorrect because the initial fluid replacement in burns typically involves administering crystalloids, not colloids, and the fluid replacement is generally calculated based on the extent of the burn injury, not the type of burn. Choice D is incorrect as monitoring hourly urine output to achieve less than 1 mL/kg/hr is not recommended in burn patients; instead, urine output should be monitored to achieve 1-2 mL/kg/hr in children to ensure adequate renal perfusion.

3. The nurse is counseling a young couple who in 2 months are having their third baby. The nurse uses Von Bertalanffy's general system theory applied to families to analyze the family structure. Which best describes the main emphasis of this theory and its application to family dynamics?

• A. It emphasizes the family as a system with interdependent, interacting parts that endure over time to ensure the survival, continuity, and growth of its components.
• B. It emphasizes the social system of the family, such as the organization or structure of the family and how the structure relates to its function.
• C. It emphasizes the developmental stages that all families go through, beginning with marriage; the longitudinal career of the family is also known as the family life cycle.
• D. It addresses how families respond to stress and how the family copes with stress as a group and how each individual member copes.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Von Bertalanffy's general system theory applied to families emphasizes the family as a system with interdependent, interacting parts that endure over time to ensure the survival, continuity, and growth of its components. This theory focuses on viewing the family as a dynamic system where each member's actions and behaviors impact the whole family unit. Choice B is incorrect as it focuses solely on the social system of the family, while Von Bertalanffy's theory looks at the family as a whole system. Choice C is incorrect as it discusses family developmental stages, which is not the main emphasis of Von Bertalanffy's theory. Choice D is also incorrect as it only addresses how families respond to stress, which is a narrower focus compared to the broader system view of Von Bertalanffy's theory.

4. A healthcare provider is discussing the care of an infant with colic with the parents. What should the healthcare provider explain is the cause of colicky behavior?

• A. Inadequate peristalsis
• B. Paroxysmal abdominal pain
• C. An allergic response to certain proteins in milk
• D. A protective mechanism designed to eliminate foreign proteins

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Colicky behavior in infants is primarily characterized by paroxysmal abdominal pain, resulting in excessive crying and fussiness. The pain episodes are often unpredictable and can be distressing for both the infant and the parents. Inadequate peristalsis (Choice A) refers to weak or ineffective bowel movements and is not the typical cause of colic. While some infants may experience colic due to an allergic response to certain proteins in milk (Choice C), this is not the primary cause of colic behavior in all infants. Choice D, a protective mechanism designed to eliminate foreign proteins, is not a recognized cause of colic. Therefore, the correct explanation for the cause of colicky behavior in infants is paroxysmal abdominal pain.

5. What type of play do nurses expect when observing a toddler in a playroom with other children?

• A. Parallel
• B. Solitary
• C. Cooperative
• D. Competitive

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Parallel. Toddlers typically engage in parallel play, where they play alongside but not directly with other children. This type of play is common during early childhood as children are still developing social skills and may prefer to play independently while observing others. Choice B, Solitary play, refers to a child playing alone without interacting with others. Choice C, Cooperative play, involves children playing together towards a common goal or activity. Choice D, Competitive play, emphasizes winning and outperforming others, which is less common in toddlers as they are in the stage of exploring and learning through play rather than competing.

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