Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is a contraindication for the administration of live vaccines?

• A. Mild upper respiratory infection
• B. Previous allergic reaction to the vaccine
• C. Current antibiotic therapy
• D. Family history of allergies

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A previous allergic reaction to the vaccine is a contraindication for the administration of live vaccines. This is because individuals who have had a previous allergic reaction to a vaccine are at higher risk of developing a severe allergic reaction with subsequent doses. It is crucial to identify and avoid administering live vaccines to individuals with a history of allergic reactions to prevent potential adverse events.

2. Which biological used in Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) is stored in the freezer?

• A. DPT
• B. OPV
• C. Hepatitis B vaccine
• D. Measles vaccine

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is OPV. Oral Polio Vaccine should be stored in the freezer to maintain its potency. Vaccines like DPT, Hepatitis B vaccine, and Measles vaccine are typically stored in the refrigerator to ensure their efficacy.

3. Which nutrient is most critical for preventing neural tube defects during pregnancy?

• A. Iron
• B. Calcium
• C. Folic acid
• D. Vitamin D

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Folic acid is the most critical nutrient for preventing neural tube defects during pregnancy. Neural tube defects are serious birth defects of the brain and spinal cord. Adequate intake of folic acid before and during early pregnancy can significantly reduce the risk of these defects. Iron, calcium, and vitamin D are important nutrients during pregnancy for other reasons, such as supporting the increased demands on the body for blood production, bone health, and calcium absorption, respectively.

4. Which level of health facility is the usual point of entry for a client into the healthcare delivery system?

• A. Primary
• B. Secondary
• C. Intermediate
• D. Tertiary

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The primary level of health facility is the usual point of entry for a client into the healthcare delivery system. This level typically involves initial consultations, preventive care, and basic treatment services. Clients often start their healthcare journey at the primary level before being referred to higher levels of care if needed.

5. What law mandates the reporting of cases of notifiable diseases by healthcare professionals?

• A. Act 3573
• B. RA 3753
• C. RA 1054
• D. RA 1082

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Act 3573, also known as the Law on Reporting of Communicable Diseases, enacted in 1929, mandates healthcare professionals to report cases of notifiable diseases listed in the law to the nearest health station. This law aims to facilitate early detection, prompt response, and control of communicable diseases to protect public health.

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