Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is a contraindication for the administration of live vaccines?

• A. Mild upper respiratory infection
• B. Previous allergic reaction to the vaccine
• C. Current antibiotic therapy
• D. Family history of allergies

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A previous allergic reaction to the vaccine is a contraindication for the administration of live vaccines. This is because individuals who have had a previous allergic reaction to a vaccine are at higher risk of developing a severe allergic reaction with subsequent doses. It is crucial to identify and avoid administering live vaccines to individuals with a history of allergic reactions to prevent potential adverse events.

2. Which of the following is an appropriate site for administration of DPT vaccine?

• A. Deltoid muscle
• B. Vastus lateralis muscle
• C. Gluteus maximus muscle
• D. Abdomen

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The vastus lateralis muscle (located in the thigh) is the recommended site for the administration of the DPT vaccine in infants and young children. This muscle is preferred due to its large muscle mass and lower risk of nerve or blood vessel injury, making it a safe and effective site for vaccine administration.

3. In the investigation of an epidemic, you compare the present frequency of the disease with the usual frequency at this time of the year in this community. This is done during which stage of the investigation?

• A. Establishing the epidemic
• B. Testing the hypothesis
• C. Formulation of the hypothesis
• D. Appraisal of facts

Correct answer: A

Rationale: During the investigation of an epidemic, establishing the epidemic involves comparing the current frequency of the disease with the typical frequency for that time of year in the community. This comparison helps determine whether an epidemic is occurring by assessing if the number of cases exceeds the expected baseline, as well as establishing the link between the cases of the disease.

4. Which numerator is used in computing the general fertility rate?

• A. Estimated midyear population
• B. Number of registered live births
• C. Number of pregnancies in the year
• D. Number of females of reproductive age

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The general fertility rate is calculated by dividing the number of registered live births by the number of females of reproductive age (usually 15-45 years) and then multiplying the result by 1,000. This rate helps in understanding the average number of live births a woman in a specific population is expected to have during her reproductive years.

5. In the conduct of a census, the method of population assignment based on the actual physical location of the people is termed:

• A. De jure
• B. De locus
• C. De facto
• D. De novo

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct term for the method of population assignment based on the actual physical location of the people is 'de facto.' On the other hand, 'de jure' is the method based on the usual place of residence of the people.

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