Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is an example of a waterborne disease?

• A. Hepatitis A
• B. Influenza
• C. Measles
• D. Tuberculosis

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Hepatitis A is a waterborne disease caused by a virus that can be transmitted through contaminated water or food. Ingestion of even microscopic amounts of fecal matter from an infected person can lead to infection. It is important to practice good hygiene and ensure water sources are clean to prevent the spread of Hepatitis A.

2. Sputum examination is the major screening tool for pulmonary tuberculosis. Clients may sometimes receive false negative results in this exam. This means that the test is not perfect in terms of which characteristic of a diagnostic examination?

• A. Effectiveness
• B. Efficacy
• C. Specificity
• D. Sensitivity

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Sensitivity is the ability of a diagnostic test to correctly identify individuals with the disease. A test with high sensitivity will rarely give false negative results, as it will detect almost all positive cases. In the context of the given scenario, false negative results indicate that the test is lacking in sensitivity to pick up all cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, leading to some cases being missed.

3. Which of the following is an essential component of a comprehensive antenatal care program?

• A. Weight monitoring
• B. Blood pressure measurement
• C. Nutritional counseling
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A comprehensive antenatal care program should encompass various components to ensure the well-being of the pregnant individual and the fetus. Weight monitoring helps track healthy weight gain during pregnancy, blood pressure measurement is crucial for detecting and managing conditions like preeclampsia, and nutritional counseling supports proper nutrition and healthy development. Including all these components in antenatal care ensures a holistic approach to monitoring and promoting the health of both the mother and the baby.

4. What is the primary purpose of providing iron supplementation to pregnant women?

• A. To prevent anemia
• B. To support fetal growth
• C. To reduce the risk of premature labor
• D. To decrease the likelihood of postpartum hemorrhage

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The primary reason for giving iron supplementation to pregnant women is to prevent anemia. Anemia can have detrimental effects on both the mother and the developing fetus. Iron is essential for the production of red blood cells, and during pregnancy, the demand for iron increases to support the mother's increased blood volume and the developing fetus. Anemia in pregnancy can lead to complications such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and even maternal mortality. Therefore, ensuring adequate iron intake through supplementation is crucial to prevent these adverse outcomes.

5. Public health services are given free of charge. Is this statement true or false?

• A. The statement is true; it is the responsibility of government to provide these services
• B. The statement is false; people pay indirectly for public health services
• C. The statement may be true or false; depending on the Specific service required
• D. The statement may be true or false; depending on policies of the government concerned.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Community health services, including public health services, are prepaid paid services, through taxation, for example.

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