Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is an example of a waterborne disease?

• A. Hepatitis A
• B. Influenza
• C. Measles
• D. Tuberculosis

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Hepatitis A is a waterborne disease caused by a virus that can be transmitted through contaminated water or food. Ingestion of even microscopic amounts of fecal matter from an infected person can lead to infection. It is important to practice good hygiene and ensure water sources are clean to prevent the spread of Hepatitis A.

2. In a mother’s class, you discuss proper breastfeeding technique. Which of these is a sign that the baby has latched on the breast properly?

• A. The baby takes shallow, rapid sucks
• B. The mother does not feel nipple pain
• C. The baby’s mouth is only partly open
• D. Only the mother’s nipple is inside the baby’s mouth

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When a baby has properly latched onto the breast, they take deep, slow sucks, their mouth is wide open, and much of the areola is inside their mouth. A key indicator of a proper latch is that the mother does not feel nipple pain, indicating that the baby is positioned correctly and feeding effectively.

3. What is the primary focus of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy?

• A. Hospital-based care
• B. Curative care only
• C. Prevention and treatment of childhood illnesses
• D. Surgical interventions

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The primary focus of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy is the prevention and treatment of major childhood illnesses. The IMCI strategy aims to reduce child mortality and morbidity by emphasizing a holistic approach that includes preventive measures along with curative interventions.

4. When educating a mother about the benefits of breastfeeding, what should be included?

• A. Breastfeeding reduces the risk of postpartum hemorrhage.
• B. Breastfeeding provides passive immunity to the infant.
• C. Breastfeeding increases the mother's risk of breast cancer.
• D. Breastfeeding delays the return of menstruation.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Breastfeeding provides passive immunity to the infant by transferring antibodies from the mother to protect the infant from infections and illnesses. This is one of the key benefits of breastfeeding, as it helps boost the baby's immune system during the early stages of life.

5. Which of the following conditions is a contraindication for breastfeeding?

• A. Maternal HIV infection
• B. Maternal diabetes
• C. Maternal anemia
• D. Maternal hypertension

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Maternal HIV infection is a contraindication for breastfeeding because it poses a risk of transmission to the infant. HIV can be transmitted through breast milk, putting the baby at risk of acquiring the infection. Therefore, it is recommended that mothers with HIV do not breastfeed to prevent the transmission of the virus to their infants.

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