which of the following is an example of a waterborne disease

ATI LPN

ATI Proctored Community Health

1. Which of the following is an example of a waterborne disease?

A. Hepatitis A
B. Influenza
C. Measles
D. Tuberculosis

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Hepatitis A is a waterborne disease caused by a virus that can be transmitted through contaminated water or food. Ingestion of even microscopic amounts of fecal matter from an infected person can lead to infection. It is important to practice good hygiene and ensure water sources are clean to prevent the spread of Hepatitis A.

2. Where is the correct injection site for administering the DPT vaccine to an infant?

A. Deltoid muscle
B. Gluteal muscle
C. Vastus lateralis muscle
D. Forearm

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The vastus lateralis muscle is the preferred site for intramuscular injections in infants due to its larger muscle mass and fewer major nerves and blood vessels, reducing the risk of injury or adverse effects.

3. To maintain the cleanliness of the bag and its contents, what should the nurse do?

A. Wash their hands before and after providing care to family members
B. Use only items from the bag when caring for family members
C. Wear an apron to protect their uniform and fold it with the right side out before returning it to the bag
D. Fold the lining on which the bag was placed at the end of the visit, ensuring the contaminated side is facing outward

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The most crucial step in maintaining cleanliness when caring for family members and handling the bag and its contents is to wash the nurse's hands before and after providing care. This practice helps prevent the spread of germs and maintains proper hygiene standards, reducing the risk of contamination. Washing hands is a fundamental infection control measure that all healthcare professionals should adhere to in their daily practice.

4. Which principle is CONTRARY to planning a home visit?

A. A home visit should have a clear purpose or objective
B. The plan should be centered around the family's health needs
C. A home visit should strictly follow RHU guidelines
D. Involving a responsible family member in continuing care planning is essential

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When planning a home visit, it is crucial for the visit to be tailored to the specific needs of the family. While guidelines are important, they should not restrict the flexibility and practicality of the plan. The plan should adapt to the family's unique circumstances, resources available, and the nurse's assessment, rather than being rigidly bound by preset guidelines.

5. In a mother’s class, you discuss proper breastfeeding technique. Which of these is a sign that the baby has latched on the breast properly?

A. The baby takes shallow, rapid sucks
B. The mother does not feel nipple pain
C. The baby’s mouth is only partly open
D. Only the mother’s nipple is inside the baby’s mouth

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When a baby has properly latched onto the breast, they take deep, slow sucks, their mouth is wide open, and much of the areola is inside their mouth. A key indicator of a proper latch is that the mother does not feel nipple pain, indicating that the baby is positioned correctly and feeding effectively.