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ATI Proctored Community Health
1. Which of the following is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases?
- A. Low cholesterol levels
- B. Physical inactivity
- C. Low blood pressure
- D. Adequate sleep
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Physical inactivity is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases as it contributes to a sedentary lifestyle, leading to obesity, high blood pressure, and other cardiovascular issues. Regular physical activity helps maintain a healthy heart and reduces the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.
2. What is given to a child with measles?
- A. Tetanus toxoid
- B. Vitamin A
- C. Vitamin D
- D. Vitamin E
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Children with measles are given vitamin A to prevent complications, such as blindness. Vitamin A supplementation is crucial in reducing the severity and risk of complications associated with measles, particularly in populations with vitamin A deficiency.
3. Which nutrient is essential for preventing anemia in pregnant women?
- A. Vitamin C
- B. Vitamin D
- C. Iron
- D. Calcium
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Iron is crucial for preventing anemia in pregnant women because it is needed for the production of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. During pregnancy, a woman's blood volume increases to support the baby's growth, making iron even more critical to prevent anemia, a condition characterized by a lack of healthy red blood cells. Anemia can lead to fatigue, weakness, and other complications for both the mother and the developing baby. Therefore, ensuring an adequate intake of iron-rich foods or supplements is vital for the health and well-being of pregnant women.
4. Which of the following health professionals can sign the birth certificate?
- A. Public health nurse
- B. Rural health midwife
- C. Municipal health officer
- D. Any of these health professionals
Correct answer: D
Rationale: According to R.A. 3753, any birth attendant, including public health nurses, rural health midwives, and municipal health officers, may sign the certificate of live birth. This law allows a range of health professionals involved in childbirth to be authorized to sign birth certificates, ensuring accessibility and convenience for parents.
5. Knowing that malnutrition is a common community health issue, you decided to conduct a nutritional assessment. What population is particularly vulnerable to protein-energy malnutrition (PEM)?
- A. Pregnant women and the elderly
- B. Under 5-year-old children
- C. 1-4-year-old children
- D. School-age children
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Under 5-year-old children are particularly susceptible to protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) because they have generally been weaned and often rely on others for food. This population may suffer from poor intrafamilial food distribution, contributing to their vulnerability.
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