Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is an essential nutrient required for preventing neural tube defects?

• A. Iron
• B. Vitamin C
• C. Calcium
• D. Folic acid

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Folic acid is a crucial nutrient required for preventing neural tube defects during pregnancy. It plays a vital role in the development of the neural tube in the fetus, reducing the risk of defects such as spina bifida and anencephaly. It is recommended that women of childbearing age consume adequate amounts of folic acid, either through diet or supplements, to support a healthy pregnancy and prevent these serious birth defects.

2. Which step in community organizing involves the training of potential leaders in the community?

• A. Integration
• B. Community organization
• C. Community study
• D. Core group formation

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In core group formation, potential or informal community leaders are trained in community organizing techniques to empower them to take on leadership roles within the community. This step is crucial in building capacity and sustainability within the community organizing process.

3. The public health nurse is the supervisor of rural health midwives. Which of the following is a supervisory function of the public health nurse?

• A. Referring cases or patients to the midwife
• B. Providing technical guidance to the midwife
• C. Providing nursing care to cases referred by the midwife
• D. Formulating and implementing training programs for midwives

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Providing technical guidance to the midwife is a key supervisory function of the public health nurse. This guidance helps the midwife in delivering care to clients effectively, especially in adhering to management guidelines such as those in Integrated Management of Childhood Illness. While options A, C, and D involve various aspects of support and collaboration, providing technical guidance aligns directly with the supervisory role of ensuring quality and consistency in the care provided by midwives.

4. In family nursing, the typology of family nursing problems is used in the statement of nursing diagnosis for families. The youngest child of the Delos Reyes family has been diagnosed with mental retardation. This is classified as:

• A. Health threat
• B. Health deficit
• C. Foreseeable crisis
• D. Stress point

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In the context of family nursing, when a family member like the youngest child is diagnosed with mental retardation, it represents a health deficit. A health deficit occurs when a family member fails to develop as expected, as in the case of mental retardation. This classification helps nurses identify and address the specific health needs of the family.

5. Why is a primigravida instructed to offer her breast to the baby for the first time within 30 minutes after delivery?

• A. To initiate the occurrence of milk letdown
• B. To stimulate milk production by the mammary acini
• C. To provide the baby with colostrum
• D. To allow the mother to practice breastfeeding in the presence of healthcare providers

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Offering the breast to the baby early after delivery ensures that the baby receives colostrum, the initial milk produced by the mammary glands rich in antibodies and essential nutrients, which are crucial for the newborn's health and immune system. This early breastfeeding also helps establish the mother-infant bond and promotes successful breastfeeding in the long term.

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