Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is an essential nutrient required for preventing neural tube defects?

• A. Iron
• B. Vitamin C
• C. Calcium
• D. Folic acid

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Folic acid is a crucial nutrient required for preventing neural tube defects during pregnancy. It plays a vital role in the development of the neural tube in the fetus, reducing the risk of defects such as spina bifida and anencephaly. It is recommended that women of childbearing age consume adequate amounts of folic acid, either through diet or supplements, to support a healthy pregnancy and prevent these serious birth defects.

2. Which of the following is an example of a live attenuated vaccine?

• A. Hepatitis B vaccine
• B. Inactivated polio vaccine
• C. Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccine
• D. Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis (DPT) vaccine

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR) vaccine is an example of a live attenuated vaccine because it contains weakened versions of the viruses that cause measles, mumps, and rubella. These weakened viruses can replicate in the body to stimulate an immune response without causing the diseases themselves.

3. Which criterion in priority setting of health problems is uniquely used in community health care?

• A. Modifiability of the problem
• B. Nature of the problem presented
• C. Magnitude of the health problem
• D. Preventive potential of the health problem

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Magnitude of the health problem. This criterion specifically looks at the percentage of the population affected by a health issue and is primarily used in community health care settings. On the other hand, modifiability of the problem, nature of the problem presented, and preventive potential of the health problem are criteria that are considered in both family and community health care settings.

4. Which of the following is a key component of the IMCI strategy?

• A. Promoting hospital-based care
• B. Providing routine immunizations
• C. Enhancing maternal nutrition
• D. Integrated case management of childhood illnesses

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) is a strategy developed by WHO and UNICEF. The key components of IMCI include integrated case management of childhood illnesses, where healthcare providers are trained to assess, classify, and treat common childhood illnesses holistically. This approach aims to improve the quality of care for children under five years of age by focusing on overall health, nutrition, immunization, and family and community practices. Therefore, promoting hospital-based care, providing routine immunizations, and enhancing maternal nutrition, while important, are not the sole key components of the IMCI strategy.

5. Which of the following is a benefit of providing Vitamin A supplements to children?

• A. Improves cognitive development
• B. Reduces the risk of severe measles
• C. Prevents iron deficiency anemia
• D. Enhances physical growth

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct benefit of providing Vitamin A supplements to children is reducing the risk of severe measles. Vitamin A supplementation is known to lower the risk of severe measles and its associated complications, making it an important intervention in regions where measles is prevalent.

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