Nursing Elites

1. Which individual is making a food choice based on negative association?

• A. A tourist from China who rejects a hamburger due to unfamiliarity
• B. A child who spits out his mashed potatoes because they taste too salty
• C. A teenager who grudgingly accepts an offer for an ice cream cone to avoid offending a close friend
• D. An elderly gentleman who refuses a peanut butter and jelly sandwich because he considers it a child's food

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Choice D is the correct answer because the elderly gentleman is refusing the peanut butter and jelly sandwich due to his negative association of considering it a child's food. This negative association influences his food choice. Choices A, B, and C do not involve negative associations with the food being consumed. Choice A is based on unfamiliarity, Choice B is due to taste preference, and Choice C is driven by social considerations rather than negative food association.

2. What is a common symptom of a respiratory infection in infants?

• A. Wheezing
• B. High appetite
• C. Increased thirst
• D. Lethargy

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Wheezing is a common symptom of respiratory infections in infants, often associated with coughing and difficulty breathing. It occurs due to the narrowing of the airways. Choice B, 'High appetite,' is incorrect as respiratory infections usually lead to a decrease in appetite rather than an increase. Choice C, 'Increased thirst,' is incorrect as it is not a typical symptom of a respiratory infection in infants. Choice D, 'Lethargy,' can be a symptom of respiratory infections but is not as specific and common as wheezing.

3. What type of nutrient is needed by the body and must be supplied by foods?

• A. nutraceutical
• B. metabolic nutrient
• C. organic nutrient
• D. essential nutrient

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, essential nutrient. Essential nutrients are substances that the body needs for normal functioning but cannot produce in sufficient amounts, so they must be obtained through the diet. Nutraceuticals (choice A) are products derived from food sources that are purported to provide extra health benefits beyond basic nutrition. Metabolic nutrients (choice B) and organic nutrients (choice C) are not standard terms used to describe nutrients needed by the body. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect.

4. What is an important aspect of the care plan for a child with eczema?

• A. Use of steroid creams
• B. Frequent antibiotic therapy
• C. High-protein diet
• D. Daily baths in hot water

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use of steroid creams. Steroid creams are commonly used in the management of eczema to reduce inflammation and itching, thus improving the skin condition and comfort of the child. Choice B, frequent antibiotic therapy, is incorrect as antibiotics are not typically used to treat eczema unless there is a secondary bacterial infection. Choice C, a high-protein diet, is not a specific recommendation for eczema treatment. Choice D, daily baths in hot water, is not recommended for eczema care as hot water can exacerbate the condition by drying out the skin.

5. How should a caregiver handle a child with a known peanut allergy?

• A. Educate on allergen avoidance
• B. Increase exposure to peanuts
• C. Administer antihistamines as needed
• D. Suggest occasional consumption of peanuts

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Educating on allergen avoidance is the correct approach when dealing with a child who has a known peanut allergy. This helps in managing the allergy effectively and preventing potential allergic reactions. Increasing exposure to peanuts (Choice B) is dangerous and can trigger severe allergic reactions in a child with a peanut allergy. While antihistamines (Choice C) can help alleviate some symptoms, they should not be the primary method of managing a peanut allergy. Suggesting occasional consumption of peanuts (Choice D) is extremely risky and should never be done for a child with a known peanut allergy.

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