Nursing Elites

1. Which individual is making a food choice based on negative association?

• A. A tourist from China who rejects a hamburger due to unfamiliarity
• B. A child who spits out his mashed potatoes because they taste too salty
• C. A teenager who grudgingly accepts an offer for an ice cream cone to avoid offending a close friend
• D. An elderly gentleman who refuses a peanut butter and jelly sandwich because he considers it a child's food

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Choice D is the correct answer because the elderly gentleman is refusing the peanut butter and jelly sandwich due to his negative association of considering it a child's food. This negative association influences his food choice. Choices A, B, and C do not involve negative associations with the food being consumed. Choice A is based on unfamiliarity, Choice B is due to taste preference, and Choice C is driven by social considerations rather than negative food association.

2. How should a healthcare provider respond to a parent concerned about their child's recurrent ear infections?

• A. Suggest regular use of over-the-counter ear drops
• B. Recommend a thorough evaluation by an ENT specialist
• C. Advise on increased antibiotic use
• D. Encourage avoiding all physical activities

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When a parent expresses concerns about their child's recurrent ear infections, the best course of action is to recommend a thorough evaluation by an Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) specialist. This specialist can conduct a comprehensive assessment to identify the underlying cause of the ear infections and provide appropriate treatment options. Choice A is incorrect because suggesting over-the-counter ear drops without a proper evaluation may not address the root cause of the issue. Choice C is also incorrect as increasing antibiotic use without understanding the specific cause can lead to antibiotic resistance and may not be necessary. Choice D is incorrect as avoiding physical activities is unrelated to addressing recurrent ear infections and is not a recommended approach.

3. How should a healthcare professional handle a child with a new diagnosis of ADHD?

• A. Provide behavioral therapy and support
• B. Increase sugar intake
• C. Restrict all forms of exercise
• D. Avoid medication use

Correct answer: A

Rationale: When dealing with a child newly diagnosed with ADHD, providing behavioral therapy and support is crucial. This approach helps the child learn coping strategies, improve social skills, and manage their symptoms effectively. Choice B, increasing sugar intake, is incorrect as there is no evidence linking sugar consumption to ADHD. Choice C, restricting all forms of exercise, is inappropriate as regular physical activity can actually benefit children with ADHD by helping them release excess energy and improve focus. Choice D, avoiding medication use, may not be the best course of action as medication prescribed by a healthcare professional can sometimes be beneficial in managing ADHD symptoms when combined with other therapies.

4. What is an important consideration when administering medications to a child with hepatic dysfunction?

• A. Increased dosing intervals
• B. Adjustments in dosage due to altered metabolism
• C. Avoid all medications
• D. Use only topical medications

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When administering medications to a child with hepatic dysfunction, it is crucial to make adjustments in dosage due to altered metabolism. Hepatic dysfunction can affect the way medications are metabolized in the body, potentially leading to drug toxicity or reduced effectiveness. This is why adjusting the dosage is essential to ensure the medication is both safe and efficient. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because increasing dosing intervals, avoiding all medications, or using only topical medications do not address the specific issue of altered drug metabolism in hepatic dysfunction.

5. How should the healthcare provider assist parents of a SIDS infant in coping?

• A. Encourage seeking grief counseling
• B. Remain detached
• C. Alleviate feelings of guilt and blame
• D. Discuss the parents' mistakes

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Assisting parents of a SIDS infant in coping involves alleviating feelings of guilt and blame, providing emotional support, and offering appropriate counseling. It is crucial to address the parents' emotional well-being and help them cope with the loss. Choice A is not the best answer as it focuses solely on grief counseling, while the primary concern is addressing feelings of guilt and blame. Choice B is inappropriate as remaining detached does not provide the necessary emotional support these parents need. Choice D is incorrect as discussing the parents' mistakes can intensify their feelings of guilt and blame, rather than helping them cope effectively.

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