which characteristic is most typical of a chronic disease

HESI LPN

Nutrition Final Exam

1. Which characteristic is most typical of a chronic disease?

A. It has a rapid onset.
B. It rarely has noticeable symptoms.
C. It produces sharp pains.
D. It progresses gradually.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Chronic diseases are characterized by a gradual progression over time, affecting individuals for an extended period. Option A is incorrect as chronic diseases do not have a rapid onset like acute conditions. Option B is incorrect as chronic diseases often manifest noticeable symptoms. Option C is incorrect as sharp pains are not a defining characteristic of chronic diseases. Chronic diseases can present a variety of symptoms depending on the specific condition, but gradual progression is a common feature distinguishing them from acute illnesses.

2. What is a common sign of a urinary tract infection in older children?

A. Frequent urination
B. Increased appetite
C. Elevated blood pressure
D. Decreased energy levels

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Frequent urination is a common sign of a urinary tract infection in older children. It is often accompanied by other symptoms such as pain or discomfort. Increased appetite (Choice B) is not typically associated with urinary tract infections. Elevated blood pressure (Choice C) is more commonly linked to conditions like hypertension, not urinary tract infections. Decreased energy levels (Choice D) can be a sign of various health issues but are not a typical symptom of a urinary tract infection.

3. Which of the following statements about nutrition is true?

A. Nutrition is the only factor that influences health.
B. Nutrient needs are the same for everyone.
C. Certain nutrients are more important than others.
D. Nutrient recommendations are designed to meet the needs of most healthy people.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Nutrient recommendations are designed to meet the needs of most healthy people, providing guidelines for a balanced diet. Choice A is incorrect because while nutrition plays a crucial role in health, it is not the only factor influencing it. Choice B is incorrect as nutrient needs vary based on factors like age, gender, activity level, and health status. Choice C is incorrect because all nutrients are essential for different bodily functions, and none can be deemed universally more important than others.

4. How should a healthcare professional address the concerns of parents about their child’s developmental delay?

A. Recommend immediate diagnostic testing
B. Suggest waiting for natural development
C. Provide information about early intervention services
D. Advise on increasing physical activity

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When addressing concerns about a child's developmental delay, providing information about early intervention services is crucial as it can facilitate timely support and resources. This option helps parents understand the available support systems and interventions for their child. Recommending immediate diagnostic testing may cause unnecessary anxiety without first exploring other supportive options. Suggesting waiting for natural development could result in missed opportunities for early intervention that are crucial for improving developmental outcomes. Advising on increasing physical activity is not directly related to addressing developmental delays and does not address the core issue of developmental delay.

5. How should a healthcare provider assist in the management of a child with type 1 diabetes?

A. Provide high-carbohydrate snacks
B. Schedule frequent blood glucose tests
C. Increase dietary fat intake
D. Encourage a high-protein diet

Correct answer: B

Rationale: For the management of type 1 diabetes in a child, scheduling frequent blood glucose tests is essential. These tests help in monitoring blood sugar levels, adjusting insulin doses, and ensuring proper glucose control. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Providing high-carbohydrate snacks can lead to blood sugar spikes, increasing dietary fat intake is not recommended, and encouraging a high-protein diet is not a standard recommendation for managing type 1 diabetes in children.