Nursing Elites

1. What is the term for the study of how diet affects gene expression?

• A. Epigenetics
• B. Nutrigenomics
• C. Genomics
• D. Genetics

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nutrigenomics is the study of how diet affects gene expression, influencing health outcomes and disease risk. Epigenetics (choice A) involves changes in gene expression or cellular phenotype caused by mechanisms other than changes in the underlying DNA sequence. Genomics (choice C) is the study of an organism's entire genome. Genetics (choice D) is the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics.

2. The motive for a person who alters their diet due to religious convictions is most likely related to their ___.

• A. values
• B. body image
• C. ethnic heritage
• D. functional association

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, 'values.' When individuals alter their diet due to religious convictions, it is primarily driven by their personal or cultural values associated with their faith. This choice reflects the strong influence that religious beliefs can have on dietary choices. Choice B, 'body image,' is incorrect because altering one's diet for religious reasons is more about spiritual beliefs than physical appearance. Choice C, 'ethnic heritage,' is incorrect as it pertains more to cultural background rather than religious convictions. Choice D, 'functional association,' is incorrect as it does not directly relate to the motivation behind altering one's diet for religious reasons.

3. What is an important aspect of the care plan for a child with eczema?

• A. Use of steroid creams
• B. Frequent antibiotic therapy
• C. High-protein diet
• D. Daily baths in hot water

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use of steroid creams. Steroid creams are commonly used in the management of eczema to reduce inflammation and itching, thus improving the skin condition and comfort of the child. Choice B, frequent antibiotic therapy, is incorrect as antibiotics are not typically used to treat eczema unless there is a secondary bacterial infection. Choice C, a high-protein diet, is not a specific recommendation for eczema treatment. Choice D, daily baths in hot water, is not recommended for eczema care as hot water can exacerbate the condition by drying out the skin.

4. What term describes foods that contain non-nutrient substances whose known action in the body is to promote well-being to a greater extent than that contributed by the food's nutrients?

• A. fortified foods
• B. enriched foods
• C. functional foods
• D. health-enhancing foods

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Functional foods are specifically designed to promote health benefits beyond basic nutrition. Fortified foods (choice A) are those with added nutrients that are not originally present, enriched foods (choice B) have nutrients added back that were lost during processing, and health-enhancing foods (choice D) is a vague and less specific term compared to functional foods.

5. What is a key intervention for a child with a new diagnosis of asthma?

• A. Provide a peak flow meter
• B. Limit all physical activity
• C. Increase dairy consumption
• D. Recommend frequent use of nasal decongestants

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Provide a peak flow meter. Providing a peak flow meter is crucial for a child with a new diagnosis of asthma as it helps monitor asthma control and manage symptoms by tracking changes in airflow. This device assists in assessing how well the lungs are functioning and guides treatment decisions. Limiting all physical activity (choice B) is not recommended as regular exercise can actually help improve lung function in asthmatic children. Increasing dairy consumption (choice C) is not a key intervention for asthma, and recommending frequent use of nasal decongestants (choice D) is not suitable for asthma management in children.

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