Nursing Elites

1. What is the recommended treatment for a child with a first-degree burn?

• A. Immediate application of ice
• B. Administration of oral antibiotics
• C. Application of cool, moist compresses
• D. Application of hot packs

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The recommended treatment for a child with a first-degree burn is the application of cool, moist compresses. This helps in reducing pain and swelling without causing further damage to the skin. Applying ice directly to a burn can lead to frostbite and worsen the injury (Choice A). Oral antibiotics are not necessary for first-degree burns as they do not typically involve infection (Choice B). Hot packs should be avoided as they can further damage the skin and increase inflammation (Choice D).

2. How should the healthcare provider assist parents of a SIDS infant in coping?

• A. Encourage seeking grief counseling
• B. Remain detached
• C. Alleviate feelings of guilt and blame
• D. Discuss the parents' mistakes

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Assisting parents of a SIDS infant in coping involves alleviating feelings of guilt and blame, providing emotional support, and offering appropriate counseling. It is crucial to address the parents' emotional well-being and help them cope with the loss. Choice A is not the best answer as it focuses solely on grief counseling, while the primary concern is addressing feelings of guilt and blame. Choice B is inappropriate as remaining detached does not provide the necessary emotional support these parents need. Choice D is incorrect as discussing the parents' mistakes can intensify their feelings of guilt and blame, rather than helping them cope effectively.

3. Which medication is typically used for long-term control of asthma?

• A. Albuterol
• B. Theophylline
• C. Ipratropium
• D. Prednisone

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Theophylline. Theophylline is commonly used for long-term control of asthma by relaxing the muscles around the airways to keep them open, making breathing easier. Albuterol (choice A) is a short-acting bronchodilator for quick relief of asthma symptoms, not for long-term control. Ipratropium (choice C) is another short-acting bronchodilator that helps open the airways but is not typically used for long-term control. Prednisone (choice D) is a corticosteroid usually used for short periods to control asthma exacerbations or flare-ups, not as a long-term control medication.

4. What is a common sign of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in infants?

• A. Dislocated patella
• B. Limited abduction of the hip
• C. Swelling of the knee
• D. Hyperextension of the leg

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Limited abduction of the hip is a common sign of developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants. It indicates possible hip dislocation or instability, making it a key clinical manifestation to assess for DDH. Dislocated patella (Choice A) is not typically associated with DDH. Swelling of the knee (Choice C) and hyperextension of the leg (Choice D) are not specific signs linked to DDH in infants, further supporting why they are incorrect choices.

5. What type of nutrient is needed by the body and must be supplied by foods?

• A. nutraceutical
• B. metabolic nutrient
• C. organic nutrient
• D. essential nutrient

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, essential nutrient. Essential nutrients are substances that the body needs for normal functioning but cannot produce in sufficient amounts, so they must be obtained through the diet. Nutraceuticals (choice A) are products derived from food sources that are purported to provide extra health benefits beyond basic nutrition. Metabolic nutrients (choice B) and organic nutrients (choice C) are not standard terms used to describe nutrients needed by the body. Therefore, choices A, B, and C are incorrect.

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