Nursing Elites

1. What is one function of water in the human body?

• A. Water provides calories for energy.
• B. Water helps transport nutrients and waste products.
• C. Water acts as a solvent for many biological reactions.
• D. Water maintains body temperature.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Water helps transport nutrients and waste products. Water plays a crucial role in the body by aiding in the transportation of essential nutrients to cells and removing waste products. While water is essential for various metabolic processes, it does not provide calories for energy (choice A). Although water can act as a solvent for biological reactions (choice C), its primary function is not as a solvent. Additionally, while water does help in regulating body temperature to some extent, its main role is not to maintain body temperature (choice D).

2. What is a primary intervention for a child with a suspected respiratory infection?

• A. Administer antiviral medications
• B. Increase fluid intake and rest
• C. Restrict all physical activity
• D. Provide high-dose vitamin supplements

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Increasing fluid intake and rest is a primary intervention for a child with a suspected respiratory infection because it helps support the body’s recovery and maintains hydration levels. Antiviral medications (Choice A) are only used for specific viral infections and are not routinely recommended for suspected respiratory infections. Restricting physical activity (Choice C) may be necessary in certain cases to prevent overexertion, but it is not a primary intervention. Providing high-dose vitamin supplements (Choice D) may support the immune system in general but is not a primary intervention for a suspected respiratory infection.

3. What is a common early sign of RSV (respiratory syncytial virus) in infants?

• A. High fever
• B. Nasal congestion
• C. Rash
• D. Jaundice

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nasal congestion is a common early sign of RSV in infants, often accompanied by cough and wheezing. High fever, rash, and jaundice are not typically associated with RSV. While RSV can lead to fever, it is usually not one of the earliest signs. Rash and jaundice are unrelated to RSV symptoms.

4. What is a common sign of a respiratory infection in infants?

• A. Increased appetite
• B. Rapid breathing
• C. Decreased urine output
• D. Lethargy

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rapid breathing is a common sign of a respiratory infection in infants. When infants have a respiratory infection, their breathing may become rapid as their body tries to get more oxygen. This symptom is often seen alongside cough and fever. Increased appetite (Choice A) is not typically associated with respiratory infections but can be seen in other conditions. Decreased urine output (Choice C) is more indicative of dehydration or kidney issues rather than a respiratory infection. Lethargy (Choice D) can be a symptom of various illnesses but is not as specific to respiratory infections as rapid breathing.

5. What is one major weakness of a laboratory-based study?

• A. The costs are typically prohibitive.
• B. Findings are difficult to replicate.
• C. Results from animal testing cannot be applied to human beings.
• D. Experimental variables cannot be easily controlled.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: One major weakness of laboratory-based studies is that results from animal testing cannot always be applied to human beings. This limitation arises due to the inherent biological differences between animals and humans, making the generalization of findings challenging. While costs may be a concern in some cases, they do not represent a universal weakness of laboratory-based studies. Findings in such studies can be replicated to ensure validity, and experimental variables can be effectively controlled in a laboratory setting. Choice C is the correct answer because the translatability of results from animal studies to humans is a significant challenge in laboratory-based research, impacting the direct application of findings to human health and well-being.

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