Nursing Elites

1. What is one function of water in the human body?

• A. Water provides calories for energy.
• B. Water helps transport nutrients and waste products.
• C. Water acts as a solvent for many biological reactions.
• D. Water maintains body temperature.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Water helps transport nutrients and waste products. Water plays a crucial role in the body by aiding in the transportation of essential nutrients to cells and removing waste products. While water is essential for various metabolic processes, it does not provide calories for energy (choice A). Although water can act as a solvent for biological reactions (choice C), its primary function is not as a solvent. Additionally, while water does help in regulating body temperature to some extent, its main role is not to maintain body temperature (choice D).

2. What dietary recommendation should be made to a child with iron-deficiency anemia?

• A. Increase intake of dairy products
• B. Include high-iron foods like spinach and meat
• C. Decrease protein intake
• D. Avoid all grains

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct recommendation for a child with iron-deficiency anemia is to include high-iron foods like spinach, red meat, and beans in their diet. These foods are rich sources of iron and can help address the deficiency. Choice A is incorrect as dairy products do not provide significant iron content. Choice C is incorrect because protein intake does not need to be decreased; in fact, lean meats are good sources of iron. Choice D is also incorrect as whole grains can be a part of a healthy diet and do not need to be avoided in this case.

3. What is a long-term complication of cleft lip and palate?

• A. Cognitive impairment
• B. Altered growth and development
• C. Faulty dentition
• D. Physical abilities

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct long-term complication of cleft lip and palate is faulty dentition. Individuals with cleft lip and palate may experience dental issues such as missing, extra, or misaligned teeth, which can affect speech and the aesthetic appearance of the mouth. Cognitive impairment, as mentioned in choice A, is not a typical long-term complication associated with cleft lip and palate. While altered growth and development (choice B) can be affected during early stages, it is not a prominent long-term complication. Choice D, physical abilities, is not directly related to the typical long-term complications of cleft lip and palate.

4. What is a common treatment for a child with moderate to severe eczema?

• A. Topical corticosteroids
• B. Oral antibiotics
• C. Frequent saline irrigation
• D. High-calcium diet

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Topical corticosteroids are the correct answer for a child with moderate to severe eczema. These medications are commonly used to reduce inflammation and itching associated with eczema. Oral antibiotics (Choice B) are not typically used in eczema treatment unless there is a secondary bacterial infection. Frequent saline irrigation (Choice C) may aid in wound care but is not a primary treatment for eczema. A high-calcium diet (Choice D) is not a standard treatment for eczema and does not target the underlying inflammatory process that causes eczema symptoms.

5. Which statement best describes the composition of most foods?

• A. Most foods contain a mixture of the three energy nutrients, with one or two predominating.
• B. Foods do not typically contain equal amounts of the three energy nutrients.
• C. Most foods contain mixtures of the three energy nutrients, although only one or two may predominate.
• D. Most foods contain all three energy nutrients in varying amounts.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Most foods contain a mixture of the three energy nutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats), with one or two predominating. Choice A is correct because most foods do contain a combination of energy nutrients, with one or two types usually being predominant. Choice B is incorrect as foods typically do not contain equal amounts of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Choice D is incorrect because most foods contain all three energy nutrients, not just one or two types.

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