Nursing Elites

1. What is an essential aspect of managing a child with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)?

• A. Encouraging joint mobility and physical therapy
• B. Restricting all forms of exercise
• C. Increasing sugar intake
• D. Using only oral medications

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Encouraging joint mobility and physical therapy is crucial in managing juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). This approach helps maintain joint function, reduce stiffness, and improve the overall quality of life for children with JIA. Restricting all forms of exercise (Choice B) is not recommended, as appropriate physical activity is beneficial for joint health and overall well-being. Increasing sugar intake (Choice C) is not a recommended practice for managing JIA, as a healthy diet is important for overall well-being and can help reduce inflammation. Using only oral medications (Choice D) may not be sufficient for managing JIA, as a comprehensive treatment plan often includes a combination of medications, physical therapy, and other interventions to effectively manage the condition.

2. What is critical for preventing complications in an infant with hypothyroidism?

• A. Excessive growth
• B. Cognitive impairment
• C. Damage to the nervous system
• D. Damage to the urinary system

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cognitive impairment. In infants with hypothyroidism, prompt administration of oral thyroid hormone replacement is crucial to prevent cognitive impairment and other serious complications. Excessive growth (choice A) is not a typical complication of hypothyroidism in infants. While hypothyroidism can affect the nervous system (choice C), cognitive impairment is more specific to untreated cases. Damage to the urinary system (choice D) is not a common complication of hypothyroidism in infants.

3. What is a common symptom of a respiratory infection in infants?

• A. Wheezing
• B. High appetite
• C. Increased thirst
• D. Lethargy

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Wheezing is a common symptom of respiratory infections in infants, often associated with coughing and difficulty breathing. It occurs due to the narrowing of the airways. Choice B, 'High appetite,' is incorrect as respiratory infections usually lead to a decrease in appetite rather than an increase. Choice C, 'Increased thirst,' is incorrect as it is not a typical symptom of a respiratory infection in infants. Choice D, 'Lethargy,' can be a symptom of respiratory infections but is not as specific and common as wheezing.

4. What is a key intervention for a child with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes?

• A. Insulin administration
• B. Increased dietary fat intake
• C. Restricted fluid intake
• D. Routine physical examinations only

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Insulin administration. When a child is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, insulin administration is a crucial intervention. Insulin helps regulate blood glucose levels by enabling cells to take in glucose from the bloodstream. Without sufficient insulin, blood glucose levels can become dangerously high, leading to various complications. Increased dietary fat intake (choice B) is not a recommended intervention for type 1 diabetes management, as it can contribute to weight gain and other health issues. Restricted fluid intake (choice C) is also not appropriate, as adequate hydration is essential for overall health. Routine physical examinations (choice D) are important but are not the primary intervention needed to manage type 1 diabetes.

5. What does the term 'essential nutrient' refer to?

• A. A nutrient that can be synthesized by the body.
• B. A nutrient that is required for proper body functioning.
• C. A nutrient that must be obtained from the diet because the body cannot produce it.
• D. A nutrient that can be stored in the body for long periods.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. An essential nutrient is a substance that is necessary for normal body functioning but cannot be synthesized in adequate amounts by the body, therefore it must be obtained from the diet. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because essential nutrients are not synthesized by the body, they are necessary for body functioning, and they are not typically stored in the body for long periods.

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