HESI LPN
Community Health HESI Exam
1. The organization of nurses employed in the DOH is the:
- A. Philippine Nurses Association
- B. National League of Nurses
- C. Catholic Nurses Guild of the Philippines
- D. MCNAP
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The Philippine Nurses Association is the correct organization for nurses employed in the DOH. The Philippine Nurses Association is a professional organization that represents and serves the interests of Filipino nurses. The National League of Nurses focuses on nursing education and is not specific to nurses employed in the DOH. The Catholic Nurses Guild of the Philippines is a religious organization for Catholic nurses and is not directly linked to nurses employed in the DOH. MCNAP is not a known organization related to nursing in the context provided.
2. What is the measure of the number of existing cases of a disease in a specific population at a given time?
- A. Incidence
- B. Prevalence
- C. Mortality rate
- D. Morbidity rate
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Prevalence is the correct answer as it refers to the number of existing cases of a disease in a specific population at a given time. Incidence, on the other hand, refers to the number of new cases of a disease in a defined population over a specific period. Mortality rate is the measure of the number of deaths in a particular population due to a specific cause, while morbidity rate is the frequency of a disease in a specific population.
3. Under the local government code, health services must be developed by the local governments. This means that local health agencies such as health centers/rural health centers must be under the:
- A. municipal government office
- B. barangay health councils
- C. district health office
- D. provincial health office
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: municipal government office. According to the local government code, local health agencies like health centers and rural health centers are managed by the municipal government office. This is because the municipal government is responsible for providing essential public services within their jurisdiction. Choice B, barangay health councils, is incorrect as they operate at a smaller administrative level than municipal government offices. Choice C, district health office, is not the correct level of government responsible for managing local health agencies. Choice D, provincial health office, is at a higher administrative level than the municipal government office and is not directly responsible for managing local health agencies.
4. What does the term 'vital statistics' refer to?
- A. The systematic study of vital events such as births, illnesses, marriages, divorce, separation, and deaths
- B. Morbidity
- C. Statistics
- D. Mortality
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The term 'vital statistics' specifically refers to the systematic study of vital events, including births, illnesses, marriages, divorces, separations, and deaths. This field focuses on quantifying and analyzing these essential life events within a population. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because while they may be related to data collection and analysis, they do not encompass the broad spectrum of vital events covered under the term 'vital statistics.' Morbidity refers to the prevalence of a specific illness or disease within a population, statistics is a more general term for numerical data analysis, and mortality specifically pertains to deaths within a population.
5. The nurse is caring for a 75-year-old client in congestive heart failure. Which finding suggests that digitalis levels should be reviewed?
- A. Extreme fatigue
- B. Increased appetite
- C. Intense itching
- D. Constipation
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Extreme fatigue can be a sign of digitalis toxicity, especially in older adults, and warrants a review of the client's medication levels and potential adjustment. Increased appetite, intense itching, and constipation are not typically associated with digitalis toxicity and do not directly indicate a need for a review of digitalis levels.
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