Nursing Elites

1. When caring for a 2-year-old girl who is wheezing and has difficulty breathing, which interview question would provide the most useful information related to the symptoms of the child?

• A. Inquiring about child safety in the home
• B. Asking about the temperament of the child
• C. Asking about the child's diet
• D. Asking the parents if they smoke in the home

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Asking the parents if they smoke in the home is the most relevant question as exposure to secondhand smoke can exacerbate respiratory symptoms like wheezing and difficulty breathing in children. Smoking indoors can worsen the child's condition and is crucial information for the healthcare provider to assess and address. Inquiring about child safety in the home, asking about the child's temperament, and questioning the child's diet are important aspects of care but are not directly linked to the immediate respiratory symptoms the child is experiencing.

2. A child with diabetes insipidus is being treated with vasopressin. The nurse would assess the child closely for signs and symptoms of which condition?

• A. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
• B. Thyroid storm
• C. Cushing syndrome
• D. Vitamin D toxicity

Correct answer: A

Rationale: When a child with diabetes insipidus is treated with vasopressin, the nurse should closely monitor for signs and symptoms of Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH). Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone, helps retain water in the body. Excessive vasopressin administration can lead to water retention, dilutional hyponatremia, and potentially result in SIADH. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they are not directly associated with the use of vasopressin in treating diabetes insipidus.

3. When picked up by a parent or the nurse, an 8-month-old infant screams and seems to be in pain. After observing this behavior, what should the nurse discuss with the parent?

• A. Accidents and the importance of accident prevention
• B. Limiting playtime with other children in the family
• C. Any other behaviors that the parent may have noticed
• D. Food and appropriate vitamins for infants

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Discussing any other observed behaviors can help identify patterns or potential issues, which is crucial for assessing the infant's overall well-being. Option A about accidents and prevention is not pertinent to the situation described. Option B regarding playtime with other children does not address the infant's behavior and potential causes. Option D about food and vitamins is not relevant to the presented scenario and the observed behavior of the infant.

4. A nurse is teaching the parents of a toddler about the signs and symptoms of lead poisoning. Which symptom should the nurse emphasize?

• A. Abdominal pain
• B. Constipation
• C. Irritability
• D. Frequent urination

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Irritability is a significant symptom of lead poisoning in toddlers. Lead exposure can lead to behavioral changes, including irritability, which is crucial for parents to recognize. While abdominal pain and constipation can occur in lead poisoning, they are not as specific or prominent as irritability. Frequent urination is not typically associated with lead poisoning in toddlers, making it a less relevant symptom to emphasize. By highlighting irritability, parents can be better equipped to identify potential signs of lead poisoning in their toddler.

5. An infant with a congenital heart defect is being given gavage feedings. The parents ask the nurse why this is necessary. How should the nurse respond?

• A. It limits the chance of vomiting.
• B. It allows the feeding to be administered rapidly.
• C. The energy that would have been expended on sucking is conserved.
• D. The quantity of nutritional liquid can be regulated better than with a bottle.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Gavage feedings are necessary for infants with congenital heart defects to conserve the infant's energy by eliminating the need for sucking. This is important because sucking requires energy expenditure, which can be taxing for infants with cardiac defects. Choice A is incorrect as gavage feedings do not primarily limit the chance of vomiting. Choice B is incorrect because the speed of feeding administration is not the primary reason for using gavage feedings in this case. Choice D is incorrect as the regulation of the quantity of nutritional liquid is not the main purpose of gavage feedings in infants with congenital heart defects.

Similar Questions