Nursing Elites

1. When caring for a child diagnosed with asthma, what is an important nursing intervention?

• A. Administering bronchodilators
• B. Encouraging physical activity
• C. Monitoring oxygen saturation
• D. Providing nutritional support

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Administering bronchodilators is a crucial nursing intervention for a child with asthma as it helps to open the airways and improve breathing. Bronchodilators work by relaxing the muscles around the airways, making breathing easier for the child. Encouraging physical activity may exacerbate asthma symptoms in some cases, so it is not recommended as a primary intervention. Monitoring oxygen saturation is important in assessing respiratory status, but administering bronchodilators would take precedence in this situation. Providing nutritional support is a general nursing intervention and not specific to managing asthma symptoms.

2. At 2 years of age, a child is readmitted to the hospital for additional surgery. What is the most important factor in preparing the toddler for this experience?

• A. Meeting the child’s wishes
• B. Previous hospitalization experience
• C. Preventing the child from staying with strangers
• D. Ensuring ongoing parental affection

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The most important factor in preparing a toddler for additional surgery is their previous hospitalization experience. This familiarity with the hospital setting and procedures can help reduce anxiety and fear in the child. Choice A, meeting the child's wishes, may not always align with what is medically necessary or safe for the child. Choice C, preventing the child from staying with strangers, is important for general comfort but may not directly address the child's preparation for surgery. Choice D, ensuring ongoing parental affection, is crucial for emotional support but may not have the same impact as the child's previous hospitalization experience in preparing them for the surgery.

3. What behavior does the nurse anticipate when feeding a newborn with choanal atresia?

• A. Chokes during feeding
• B. Experiences swallowing challenges
• C. Lacks hunger cues
• D. Takes about half of the feeding

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When feeding a newborn with choanal atresia, the nurse can anticipate that the infant may take only part of the feeding before pausing for air. This is due to the fact that infants with choanal atresia struggle to breathe through their nose while feeding. Choice A is incorrect as choking typically involves a more severe airway obstruction. Choice B is incorrect because difficulty swallowing is not the primary concern in choanal atresia. Choice C is incorrect as the issue is not related to hunger cues but rather the physiological challenges associated with breathing while feeding.

4. A child with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is being discharged from the hospital. What is important for the nurse to include in the discharge teaching?

• A. Monitor blood glucose levels daily
• B. Administer insulin based on blood glucose levels
• C. Recognize signs of hypoglycemia
• D. Follow a specific meal plan

Correct answer: D

Rationale: For a child with diabetes mellitus, following a specific meal plan is crucial for managing blood glucose levels effectively. This helps in maintaining stable blood sugar levels and preventing complications associated with the condition. Monitoring blood glucose levels daily and recognizing signs of hypoglycemia are also important aspects of managing diabetes; however, adherence to a specific meal plan plays a fundamental role in overall diabetes care. Administering insulin based on blood glucose levels alone is not recommended without a specific plan provided by healthcare providers.

5. A nurse on the pediatric unit is observing the developmental skills of several 2-year-old children in the playroom. Which child should the nurse continue to evaluate?

• A. Cannot stand on one foot
• B. Builds a tower of 7 blocks
• C. Uses echolalia when speaking
• D. Colors outside the lines of a picture

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because using echolalia (repeating words or phrases) is not typical for a 2-year-old and may indicate the need for further evaluation. Choices A, B, and D are within the expected developmental skills for a 2-year-old. While a 2-year-old may not be able to stand on one foot for an extended period, it is not a concerning developmental milestone at this age. Building a tower of 7 blocks and coloring outside the lines of a picture are both age-appropriate activities that demonstrate fine motor skills and creativity, respectively. However, echolalia at this age could be a sign of an underlying communication or developmental issue that warrants further assessment and monitoring.

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