Nursing Elites

1. What is the mechanism that is essential for the absorption of monosaccharides?

• A. Phosphorylation
• B. Active transport
• C. Passive diffusion
• D. Facilitated diffusion

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Active transport is the mechanism essential for the absorption of monosaccharides in the intestine. This process requires energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient, allowing for the absorption of monosaccharides efficiently. Phosphorylation, the process of adding a phosphate group to a molecule, is not directly involved in the absorption of monosaccharides. Passive diffusion, a process that does not require energy, is not the primary mechanism for absorbing monosaccharides due to their large size. Facilitated diffusion, a type of passive transport that involves carrier proteins, is not the primary mechanism for monosaccharide absorption, as monosaccharides require active transport for efficient absorption.

2. Which of the following is a source of complete protein?

• A. Cereal grains.
• B. Beans.
• C. Nuts.
• D. Eggs.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Eggs are considered a source of complete protein because they contain all the essential amino acids required by the body. The other options, cereal grains, beans, and nuts, do not provide all the essential amino acids in the necessary proportions to be classified as complete proteins.

3. Which body organ is responsible for the metabolic processing of glucose?

• A. Large intestine.
• B. Gallbladder.
• C. Pancreas.
• D. Liver.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is the liver. The liver plays a central role in glucose homeostasis by metabolically processing glucose. The large intestine is primarily involved in absorbing water and electrolytes, not glucose. The gallbladder stores bile produced by the liver but is not directly involved in glucose metabolism. Although the pancreas produces insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels, the liver is mainly responsible for the metabolic processing of glucose.

4. What is the main body storage form of carbohydrates?

• A. Glycogen.
• B. Starch.
• C. Fat.
• D. Glucose.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Glycogen. Glycogen is the stored form of carbohydrates in the body, primarily found in the liver and muscles. Starch (choice B) is a carbohydrate storage molecule in plants, not in the human body. Fat (choice C) is a different macronutrient and not the main storage form of carbohydrates. Glucose (choice D) is a simple sugar that serves as an energy source, not the main storage form of carbohydrates.

5. To prevent symptoms of fatigue, dehydration, and energy loss, what is the daily recommended minimum intake of carbohydrates?

• A. 130 g.
• B. 230 g.
• C. 330 g.
• D. 430 g.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 130 g. The recommended minimum intake of carbohydrates to prevent fatigue, dehydration, and energy loss is 130 grams per day. Consuming an adequate amount of carbohydrates provides the body with energy and helps prevent symptoms associated with insufficient carbohydrate intake. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they suggest higher amounts of carbohydrate intake, which may not necessarily align with the recommended daily minimum intake for preventing symptoms of fatigue, dehydration, and energy loss.

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