Nursing Elites

1. What is the interrelated network of nerves within the gastrointestinal wall that regulates its muscular action known as?

• A. gastric nerve plexus
• B. biliary nerve plexus
• C. intramural nerve plexus
• D. intestinal nerve plexus

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, intramural nerve plexus. The intramural nerve plexus is the interrelated network of nerves within the gastrointestinal wall that regulates its muscular action. The gastric nerve plexus (choice A) specifically pertains to the network of nerves in the stomach, not the entire gastrointestinal wall. The biliary nerve plexus (choice B) is associated with nerve supply in the liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts, not the gastrointestinal wall. The intestinal nerve plexus (choice D) is a general term that may refer to various nerve networks within the intestines but does not specifically address the entire gastrointestinal wall.

2. Which of the following saturated fats does not contain cholesterol?

• A. Butter
• B. Coconut oil
• C. Eggs
• D. Fish

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Coconut oil. Coconut oil is a saturated fat derived from plants and does not contain cholesterol, unlike the other options. Butter (choice A) is an animal-derived saturated fat that contains cholesterol. Eggs (choice C) and fish (choice D) also contain cholesterol, making them incorrect choices. Therefore, coconut oil is the only option that is a saturated fat and does not contain cholesterol.

3. A food choice equivalent to one serving from the Grains group of MyPlate is:

• A. one slice of bread
• B. 2 cups of rice
• C. 3 cups of spaghetti
• D. 4 oz of ready-to-eat cereal

Correct answer: A

Rationale: One slice of bread is a standard serving from the Grains group in MyPlate. This choice aligns with the recommended portion size for grains. Choices B, C, and D are excessive portions that do not represent a single serving according to MyPlate guidelines. 2 cups of rice, 3 cups of spaghetti, and 4 oz of ready-to-eat cereal exceed the standard serving size for grains and would provide more than one serving from this food group.

4. Which monosaccharide only occurs naturally in foods in combination with another sugar as a disaccharide?

• A. Fructose.
• B. Galactose.
• C. Sucrose.
• D. Maltose.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, galactose. Galactose naturally occurs in foods only when it is combined with glucose to form lactose, a disaccharide found in milk. Fructose is a monosaccharide found in fruits and honey. Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose, commonly known as table sugar. Maltose is a disaccharide formed by the combination of two glucose molecules.

5. The number of kilocalories provided by a food that contains 22g of fat is:

• A. 88
• B. 132
• C. 154
• D. 198

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Fat provides 9 kcal per gram, so 22 grams of fat will provide 198 kcal (22g * 9 kcal/g = 198 kcal). Choice A (88) is incorrect because it miscalculates the kcalories. Choice B (132) is incorrect as it does not consider the correct kcaloric value of fat. Choice C (154) is incorrect as it also does not calculate the kcalories accurately based on the fat content.

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