Nursing Elites

1. When admitting a client with Parkinson's disease to the home healthcare service, which nursing diagnosis should have priority in planning care?

• A. Impaired physical mobility related to muscle rigidity and weakness.
• B. Ineffective coping related to depression and dysfunction due to disease progression.
• C. Ineffective breathing pattern related to respiratory muscle weakness.
• D. Fear related to constant possibility of experiencing seizures.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Impaired physical mobility related to muscle rigidity and weakness.' For a client with Parkinson's disease, impaired physical mobility is a priority nursing diagnosis because of the characteristic motor symptoms such as muscle rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. Addressing impaired physical mobility is crucial to enhance the client's quality of life. Choices B, C, and D are not the priority nursing diagnoses for a client with Parkinson's disease. Ineffective coping (Choice B) and fear of seizures (Choice D) may be concerns but are not the priority. Ineffective breathing pattern (Choice C) is not typically associated with Parkinson's disease.

2. A 14-month-old had cleft palate surgical repair several days ago. The parents ask the nurse about feedings after discharge. Which lunch is the best example of an appropriate meal?

• A. Hot dog, carrot sticks, gelatin, milk
• B. Soup, blenderized soft foods, ice cream, milk
• C. Peanut butter and jelly sandwich, chips, pudding, milk
• D. Baked chicken, applesauce, cookie, milk

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Choice B, 'Soup, blenderized soft foods, ice cream, milk,' is the correct answer. After cleft palate repair, it is essential to provide soft and blenderized foods to prevent trauma to the surgical site and promote proper healing. Choices A, C, and D contain foods that may be difficult for the child to consume comfortably and safely after a cleft palate surgical repair. A hot dog, carrot sticks, chips, and hard cookies could potentially cause injury or discomfort to the surgical area. Peanut butter and jelly sandwich might be too difficult to swallow or may stick to the surgical site. Baked chicken could be too challenging to chew. Therefore, the best choice for an appropriate meal post cleft palate repair is soft, blenderized foods like soup, along with other soft options like ice cream and milk.

3. A nurse working in a community health setting is performing primary health screenings. Which individual is at highest risk for contracting an HIV infection?

• A. A 17-year-old who is sexually active with numerous partners.
• B. A 45-year-old lesbian who has been sexually active with two partners in the past year.
• C. A 30-year-old cocaine user who inhales the drug and works in a topless bar.
• D. A 34-year-old male homosexual who is in a monogamous relationship.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. A 17-year-old who is sexually active with numerous partners is at the highest risk for contracting an HIV infection due to engaging in risky sexual behavior with multiple partners, increasing the likelihood of exposure to the virus. Choice B is less risky as the individual has had a relatively lower number of sexual partners in the past year. Choice C, although involving drug use, does not directly correlate with a higher risk of contracting HIV unless needles are shared. Choice D, a 34-year-old male homosexual in a monogamous relationship, has a lower risk compared to choice A as long as the relationship remains monogamous.

4. A nurse organizes a community action group to help resolve health problems in a low-income neighborhood with a large population of recent immigrants from Africa. What problem should the nurse address first?

• A. High rate of unemployment.
• B. Low immunization rate of children.
• C. Provision of substandard health care.
• D. Access to bilingual care providers.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Low immunization rate of children. Addressing low immunization rates is crucial as it directly impacts the health of children and the community by preventing the spread of infectious diseases. Option A, high rate of unemployment, though important for overall well-being, is not the most immediate health concern. Option C, provision of substandard health care, is a significant issue but may not be as urgent as ensuring children are immunized. Option D, access to bilingual care providers, is important for effective communication but is not as critical as addressing low immunization rates in this scenario.

5. A traditional plant used to lower uric acid is used by Rosario, a 55-year-old client with rheumatism. This herbal plant called “ulasimang bato” is commonly known as:

• A. Lagundi
• B. Pancit pacitan
• C. Bayabas
• D. Sambong

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Pancit pacitan (Peperomia pellucida), which is known for its uric acid-lowering properties. Ulasimang bato is the local name for this traditional plant. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Lagundi (Choice A) is commonly used for its antitussive and anti-asthmatic properties. Bayabas (Choice C) refers to guava, which is known for its high vitamin C content and other health benefits. Sambong (Choice D) is used for its diuretic properties and is often utilized for kidney health.

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