Nursing Elites

1. How should a healthcare provider respond to a parent concerned about their child's recurrent ear infections?

• A. Suggest regular use of over-the-counter ear drops
• B. Recommend a thorough evaluation by an ENT specialist
• C. Advise on increased antibiotic use
• D. Encourage avoiding all physical activities

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When a parent expresses concerns about their child's recurrent ear infections, the best course of action is to recommend a thorough evaluation by an Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) specialist. This specialist can conduct a comprehensive assessment to identify the underlying cause of the ear infections and provide appropriate treatment options. Choice A is incorrect because suggesting over-the-counter ear drops without a proper evaluation may not address the root cause of the issue. Choice C is also incorrect as increasing antibiotic use without understanding the specific cause can lead to antibiotic resistance and may not be necessary. Choice D is incorrect as avoiding physical activities is unrelated to addressing recurrent ear infections and is not a recommended approach.

2. What is the primary goal in managing a child with asthma?

• A. Prevent triggering asthma attacks
• B. Avoid triggering asthma attacks
• C. Administer corticosteroids
• D. Increase physical activity

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The primary goal in managing a child with asthma is to avoid triggering asthma attacks. This involves managing allergens, ensuring proper medication use, and creating an asthma action plan. Choice A is incorrect because the goal is to avoid triggering asthma attacks, not necessarily to prevent recurrent infections. Choice C is incorrect as corticosteroids are a treatment option but not the primary goal of asthma management. Choice D is incorrect because although physical activity is important, the primary goal is to prevent asthma attacks and manage symptoms effectively.

3. What is the key to preventing recurrent respiratory infections in children with cystic fibrosis?

• A. Routine use of antibiotics
• B. Daily chest physiotherapy
• C. Increased fluid intake
• D. Dietary supplements

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Daily chest physiotherapy. Daily chest physiotherapy is essential in cystic fibrosis as it helps in clearing mucus from the lungs, reducing the frequency of respiratory infections. Antibiotics (Choice A) may treat infections but are not the key preventive measure. Increased fluid intake (Choice C) and dietary supplements (Choice D) can be beneficial for overall health but do not directly prevent recurrent respiratory infections in children with cystic fibrosis.

4. In what position does the Pavlik harness hold a child's femurs for developmental hip dysplasia?

• A. Abduction
• B. Adduction
• C. Flexion
• D. Extension

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The Pavlik harness is designed to position a child's femurs in abduction for developmental hip dysplasia. Abduction helps align the hip joint correctly and promotes proper development in cases of hip dysplasia. Adduction (choice B) brings the legs closer to the midline, which is not the desired position in this condition. Flexion (choice C) refers to bending at a joint, while extension (choice D) is the opposite of flexion. However, in the case of developmental hip dysplasia, abduction is crucial for the Pavlik harness to work effectively.

5. What is critical for preventing complications in an infant with hypothyroidism?

• A. Excessive growth
• B. Cognitive impairment
• C. Damage to the nervous system
• D. Damage to the urinary system

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cognitive impairment. In infants with hypothyroidism, prompt administration of oral thyroid hormone replacement is crucial to prevent cognitive impairment and other serious complications. Excessive growth (choice A) is not a typical complication of hypothyroidism in infants. While hypothyroidism can affect the nervous system (choice C), cognitive impairment is more specific to untreated cases. Damage to the urinary system (choice D) is not a common complication of hypothyroidism in infants.

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