Nursing Elites

1. How should a healthcare provider address concerns about a child’s developmental milestones?

• A. Recommend delaying intervention until school age
• B. Provide resources for early intervention services
• C. Suggest dietary changes
• D. Avoid further assessment

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: Providing resources for early intervention services is crucial for addressing developmental concerns and supporting the child's growth and development. Early intervention is key to improving outcomes. Recommending delaying intervention until school age (Choice A) is not advised as addressing issues early leads to better results. Suggesting dietary changes (Choice C) is not the primary approach to addressing developmental milestones. Avoiding further assessment (Choice D) can impede the timely identification and management of developmental delays.

2. Which statement best describes the relationship between diet and chronic diseases?

• A. Diet has no impact on chronic diseases.
• B. A poor diet can increase the risk of developing chronic diseases.
• C. Diet is the sole cause of chronic diseases.
• D. A balanced diet can help prevent or manage chronic diseases.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Choice B is the correct answer. A poor diet can increase the risk of developing chronic diseases due to the lack of essential nutrients or the presence of harmful components like excessive sugar, salt, or saturated fats. While diet plays a significant role in the development of chronic diseases, it is not the sole cause (choice C). Choice A is incorrect because diet does indeed have a significant impact on chronic diseases. Choice D is not the best answer as it does not acknowledge the negative impact of a poor diet on chronic diseases.

3. What is a common sign of dehydration in infants?

• A. Decreased urination
• B. Dry mouth and lips
• C. Increased appetite
• D. Normal skin turgor

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Dry mouth and lips are common signs of dehydration in infants. When an infant is dehydrated, the body conserves water, resulting in less urine production and concentrated urine. This leads to decreased frequency of urination rather than frequent urination, making choice A incorrect. Choice C, increased appetite, is not typically associated with dehydration in infants but rather with normal growth and development. Normal skin turgor, as mentioned in choice D, is a sign of hydration and not dehydration, making it an incorrect choice. Therefore, the correct answer is B, dry mouth and lips, which indicate a need for fluid replacement.

4. How should the nurse manage a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who is receiving chemotherapy?

• A. Avoid all physical activity
• B. Ensure strict infection control measures
• C. Increase daily caloric intake
• D. Limit fluid intake

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ensure strict infection control measures. Children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who are undergoing chemotherapy have compromised immune systems, making them highly susceptible to infections. Implementing strict infection control measures, such as hand hygiene, limiting exposure to sick individuals, and maintaining a clean environment, is essential to prevent infections. Choice A is incorrect because avoiding all physical activity may not be necessary as long as the child's activity level is appropriate. Choice C is incorrect because increasing daily caloric intake is important to support the child's nutritional needs during treatment. Choice D is incorrect because limiting fluid intake is not typically recommended unless specifically advised by the healthcare provider.

5. What is a common treatment for a child with moderate to severe eczema?

• A. Topical corticosteroids
• B. Oral antibiotics
• C. Frequent saline irrigation
• D. High-calcium diet

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Topical corticosteroids are the correct answer for a child with moderate to severe eczema. These medications are commonly used to reduce inflammation and itching associated with eczema. Oral antibiotics (Choice B) are not typically used in eczema treatment unless there is a secondary bacterial infection. Frequent saline irrigation (Choice C) may aid in wound care but is not a primary treatment for eczema. A high-calcium diet (Choice D) is not a standard treatment for eczema and does not target the underlying inflammatory process that causes eczema symptoms.

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