HESI LPN
Community Health HESI Practice Exam
1. As a community organizer, the PHN facilitates the planning and implementation of program subjects in the community. In the light of the PHC approach, these programs/projects should be characterized by the following except:
- A. managed by the community leaders/members
- B. managed by non-government organizations for the people to ensure success
- C. compatible with available resources
- D. developmental in nature
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In the context of the PHC approach, programs should be characterized by being managed by community leaders/members (Choice A). This ensures community involvement and ownership. Programs should also be compatible with available resources (Choice C) to be sustainable and effective. Additionally, programs should be developmental in nature (Choice D), focusing on long-term improvements. Choice B is incorrect because programs should not be solely managed by non-government organizations; instead, they should be driven by the community to promote sustainability and empowerment.
2. The nurse is working in a community health clinic that serves a diverse population. Which of the following actions best demonstrates cultural competence?
- A. Learning about the cultural practices of the clinic's client population
- B. Providing translation services for non-English speaking clients
- C. Treating all clients the same regardless of their background
- D. Encouraging clients to adopt mainstream health practices
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Learning about the cultural practices of the clinic's client population is the best way to demonstrate cultural competence. This action shows respect for the diverse backgrounds of the clients and helps in providing care that is sensitive to their cultural beliefs and practices. Providing translation services (Choice B) is important for effective communication but may not address the deeper aspects of cultural competence. Treating all clients the same (Choice C) may overlook the unique needs that arise from cultural differences. Encouraging clients to adopt mainstream health practices (Choice D) may not be appropriate or respectful of their cultural traditions and preferences.
3. Community health nurses help influence the health of communities through which of the following actions?
- A. legislating health behavior
- B. recording health status of individuals in a similar geographic region
- C. influencing health status and behavior, and engaging in health promotion
- D. none of the above
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Community health nurses play a crucial role in influencing the health of communities by engaging in health promotion activities and influencing health behaviors. Choice A is incorrect as community health nurses do not legislate health behavior but rather educate and promote healthy behaviors. Choice B is incorrect as while community health nurses may record health data, their main focus is on proactive health promotion and intervention, not just documenting health status. Choice D is incorrect because community health nurses actively work to influence health status and behaviors.
4. As of 2002, the following data was obtained from municipality X: No. of live births - 750, No. of infant deaths - 10, No. of maternal deaths - 6, Total population - 25,000. The 2002 maternal mortality rate of municipality X is:
- A. 15/1000 live births
- B. 12.5/1000 live births
- C. 6/1000 live births
- D. 8/1000 live births
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The maternal mortality rate is calculated as 6 maternal deaths per 1000 live births. The correct answer is C because to calculate the maternal mortality rate, you divide the number of maternal deaths by the number of live births and then multiply by 1000. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not match the given data on maternal deaths and live births for municipality X.
5. In a long term rehabilitation care unit a client with spinal cord injury complains of a pounding headache. The client is sitting in a wheelchair watching television in the assigned room. Further assessment by the nurse reveals excessive sweating, a splotchy rash, pilomotor erection, facial flushing, congested nasal passages and a heart rate of 50. The nurse should do which action next?
- A. Take the client's respirations, blood pressure (BP), temperature and then pupillary responses
- B. Place the client into the bed and administer the ordered PRN analgesic
- C. Check the client for bladder distention and the client's urinary catheter for kinks
- D. Turn the television off and then assist client to use relaxation techniques
Correct answer: C
Rationale: These symptoms suggest autonomic dysreflexia, often triggered by bladder distention.
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