the healthy people project is designed to

HESI LPN

Community Health HESI Questions

1. The Healthy People project is designed to:

A. track health care trends to anticipate insurance liabilities, especially for poor and urban populations
B. demonstrate that social factors have a significant impact on individual and community health
C. follow health indicators such as activity, substance use, mental health, and environmental issues
D. demonstrate that access to health care in the United States is adequate for all populations

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The Healthy People project is designed to follow health indicators such as activity, substance use, mental health, and environmental issues to improve public health outcomes. Choice A is incorrect because the project focuses on public health indicators rather than insurance liabilities. Choice B is incorrect as the project actually acknowledges the significant impact of social factors on health. Choice D is incorrect because one of the main goals of the Healthy People project is to identify and address disparities in access to healthcare, not to demonstrate that access is adequate for all populations.

2. The nurse is caring for a child with cystic fibrosis. The nurse would anticipate that the child would be deficient in which vitamins?

A. B, D, and K
B. A, D, and K
C. A, C, and D
D. A, B, and C

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Children with cystic fibrosis often have difficulty absorbing fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, and K) due to pancreatic insufficiency, making supplementation necessary. Choice A (B, D, and K) is incorrect because vitamin A deficiency is not commonly associated with cystic fibrosis. Choice C (A, C, and D) is incorrect as vitamin C deficiency is not typically related to cystic fibrosis. Choice D (A, B, and C) is incorrect as vitamin B deficiencies are not commonly seen in cystic fibrosis but rather fat-soluble vitamin deficiencies.

3. BCG vaccine is supplied in:

A. freeze-dried form in a sealed glass ampule
B. liquid form in a sealed glass ampule
C. liquid form in a vial
D. both 2 and 3

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. BCG vaccine is commonly supplied in freeze-dried form, not in liquid form. Therefore, choices B and C are incorrect. Option D is also incorrect as the vaccine is not supplied in liquid form in a glass ampule.

4. In which of the following settings would a community health nurse be less likely to be involved?

A. neighborhood clinic, community clinic, or senior center
B. physician's office with a focus on individual client care
C. home-based care
D. neighborhood planning board

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Community health nurses are less likely to be involved in a physician's office with a focus on individual client care because their role primarily revolves around promoting and maintaining the health of populations and communities rather than providing direct care to individual clients. Options A, C, and D are more aligned with the community health nurse's role as they involve working in community-based settings, providing home-based care, and participating in community planning and advocacy.

5. The nurse is caring for a client admitted to the hospital with right lower lobe (RLL) pneumonia. On assessment, the nurse notes crackles over the RLL. The client has significant pleuritic pain and is unable to take in a deep breath in order to cough effectively.

A. Impaired gas exchange related to acute infection and sputum production
B. Ineffective airway clearance related to sputum production and ineffective cough
C. Ineffective breathing pattern related to acute infection
D. Anxiety related to hospitalization and role conflict

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The client's inability to effectively clear the airway due to pain and sputum production hinders the cough mechanism, making 'Ineffective airway clearance' the most appropriate nursing diagnosis. Although impaired gas exchange may occur due to the pneumonia, the immediate issue is the inability to clear the airway. 'Ineffective breathing pattern' does not address the specific issue of airway clearance. 'Anxiety' is not the priority when the focus should be on the physical complications of pneumonia.