Nursing Elites

1. At a routine health assessment, a client tells the nurse that she is planning a pregnancy in the near future. She asks about preconception diet changes. Which of the statements made by the nurse is best?

• A. Include fibers in your daily diet.
• B. Increase green leafy vegetable intake.
• C. Drink a glass of milk with each meal.
• D. Eat at least 1 serving of fish weekly.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Increase green leafy vegetable intake." This is the best advice because green leafy vegetables are rich in folic acid, which is essential for fetal development and helps prevent neural tube defects. Choice A is not specific enough and does not address the importance of folic acid. Choice C, drinking milk with each meal, does not provide the necessary folic acid intake. Choice D, eating fish weekly, is not as crucial for preconception diet changes as increasing folic acid intake.

2. The nurse is administering the measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine to a 12-month-old child during the well-baby visit. Which age range should the nurse advise the parents to plan for their child to receive the MMR booster based on the current recommendations and guidelines by the Center for Disease Control (CDC)?

• A. 13 to 18 years of age.
• B. 11 to 12 years of age.
• C. 18 to 24 months of age.
• D. 4 to 6 years of age.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 4 to 6 years of age. The CDC recommends the MMR booster for children in this age group. Choice A (13 to 18 years of age) is incorrect as it is not the recommended age range for the MMR booster. Choice B (11 to 12 years of age) is also incorrect as it does not align with the CDC guidelines for the MMR booster. Choice C (18 to 24 months of age) is not the correct age range for the MMR booster according to CDC recommendations.

3. Statistics of illnesses are termed as:

• A. Vital statistics
• B. Morbidity
• C. Statistics
• D. Mortality

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Morbidity.' Morbidity specifically refers to the statistics of illnesses, encompassing the incidence, prevalence, and duration of disease within a population. Choice A, 'Vital statistics,' typically refers to data on births, deaths, marriages, and divorces. Choice C, 'Statistics,' is a broad term encompassing the collection, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of numerical data. Choice D, 'Mortality,' specifically refers to the state of being subject to death or the number of deaths in a given population.

4. A client with chronic renal failure is receiving erythropoietin (Epogen). The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following side effects?

• A. Hypertension
• B. Hypoglycemia
• C. Hyperkalemia
• D. Hypocalcemia

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypertension. Erythropoietin can lead to hypertension as a side effect due to its stimulation of red blood cell production, which can increase blood viscosity. This can result in elevated blood pressure. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Hypoglycemia is not a common side effect of erythropoietin. Hyperkalemia is more commonly associated with renal failure rather than erythropoietin use. Hypocalcemia is not a typical side effect of erythropoietin administration.

5. Postoperative orders for a client undergoing a mitral valve replacement include monitoring pulmonary artery pressure together with pulmonary capillary wedge pressure with a pulmonary artery catheter. This action by the nurse will assess

• A. Right ventricular pressure
• B. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure
• C. Acid-Base balance
• D. Coronary artery stability

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure is used to assess left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. This measurement provides valuable information on the filling pressure of the left ventricle. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because monitoring pulmonary capillary wedge pressure does not directly assess right ventricular pressure, acid-base balance, or coronary artery stability.

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