Nursing Elites

1. An object is thrown at an angle. Which of the following forces acts HORIZONTALLY on the object during its flight?

• A. Gravitational force
• B. Normal force from the ground
• C. Air resistance
• D. The force of throwing

Correct answer: C

Rationale: During the flight of the object, the only force that acts horizontally on the object is air resistance. Air resistance opposes the motion of the object through the air and acts in the direction opposite to the object's velocity. Gravitational force acts vertically downward, influencing the object's weight and vertical motion. The normal force from the ground acts perpendicular to the ground to support the object's weight. The force of throwing initially imparts velocity to the object at an angle, but it does not act horizontally throughout the flight.

2. Which hormone stimulates the release of pancreatic enzymes and bile?

• A. Gastrin
• B. Insulin
• C. Cholecystokinin (CCK)
• D. Glucagon

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Cholecystokinin (CCK) is the correct answer. It is the hormone that stimulates the release of pancreatic enzymes and bile. CCK is released by the small intestine in response to the presence of fats and proteins in the duodenum, triggering the release of digestive enzymes and bile to aid in the digestion of fats and proteins. Gastrin (Choice A) primarily stimulates gastric acid secretion, not the release of pancreatic enzymes and bile. Insulin (Choice B) regulates blood sugar levels by promoting glucose uptake. Glucagon (Choice D) raises blood glucose levels by stimulating the breakdown of glycogen in the liver.

3. Which property of a wave determines its energy?

• A. Wavelength
• B. Amplitude
• C. Frequency
• D. Velocity

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The energy of a wave is determined by its amplitude, which is the measure of its maximum displacement from the equilibrium position. Waves with higher amplitudes carry more energy as energy is directly proportional to amplitude. Therefore, the correct answer is B) Amplitude. Choice A (Wavelength) does not determine the energy of a wave; it is related to the spatial length between wave crests. Choice C (Frequency) is not the property that determines a wave's energy; it refers to the number of complete oscillations a wave undergoes in a given time. Choice D (Velocity) is the speed at which a wave propagates through a medium and is not directly related to its energy.

4. What is the role of the pancreas in the digestive system?

• A. To store bile
• B. To secrete digestive enzymes
• C. To digest proteins
• D. To absorb nutrients

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To secrete digestive enzymes.' The pancreas plays a crucial role in the digestive system by secreting digestive enzymes that aid in breaking down food in the small intestine. These enzymes help in the digestion of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, facilitating the absorption of nutrients from the digested food. Choice A is incorrect because the pancreas is not responsible for storing bile; the gallbladder stores bile. Choice C is incorrect because the pancreas secretes enzymes for protein digestion but does not digest proteins itself. Choice D is incorrect as the absorption of nutrients primarily occurs in the small intestine, not in the pancreas.

5. What is the scientific name for the building blocks of proteins?

• A. Residues
• B. Monomers
• C. Macromolecules
• D. Peptides

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: - Proteins are made up of long chains of amino acids. - Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and are considered monomers. - Monomers are the individual units that can be linked together to form larger molecules called polymers. - In the context of proteins, amino acids are the monomers that are linked together through peptide bonds to form polypeptide chains, which then fold into functional proteins. - Residues refer to the specific amino acids within a protein after certain modifications or cleavages have occurred, so it is not the correct term for the building blocks of proteins. - Macromolecules are large molecules made up of smaller subunits, such as proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates, but they are not the specific building blocks of proteins. - Peptides are short chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds, but they are not the fundamental building blocks of proteins.

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