ATI TEAS 7
TEAS 7 practice test science
1. What is the process of converting simple sugars into complex carbohydrates called?
- A. Glycolysis
- B. Gluconeogenesis
- C. Krebs cycle
- D. Oxidative phosphorylation
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Gluconeogenesis is the correct answer. It is the process of synthesizing glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, such as amino acids or glycerol. A) Glycolysis is the process of breaking down glucose into pyruvate to produce energy. C) The Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle, generates energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. D) Oxidative phosphorylation is the final stage of cellular respiration where ATP is produced using energy derived from the electron transport chain. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are not the processes involved in converting simple sugars into complex carbohydrates.
2. What is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium and chlorine to form sodium chloride?
- A. Na + Cl2 -> NaCl
- B. 2Na + Cl2 -> 2NaCl
- C. Na2 + Cl -> 2NaCl
- D. Na + 2Cl -> NaCl2
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In a balanced chemical equation, the number of atoms of each element must be the same on both sides of the equation. When sodium (Na) reacts with chlorine (Cl2) to form sodium chloride (NaCl), we need to ensure the equation is balanced. There are 2 chlorine atoms in Cl2; hence, we need 2 sodium atoms on the left side to balance it. Therefore, the balanced chemical equation is 2Na + Cl2 -> 2NaCl. Choice A is incorrect because it does not have the correct coefficients to balance the equation. Choice C is incorrect as it incorrectly represents the formula of sodium. Choice D is incorrect as it forms NaCl2, which is not the correct compound formed in this reaction.
3. Which hormone, produced by the ovaries, is responsible for the development of the uterine lining during the menstrual cycle and supports early pregnancy?
- A. Estrogen
- B. Progesterone
- C. Testosterone
- D. Prolactin
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Progesterone, produced by the ovaries, is responsible for the development of the uterine lining during the menstrual cycle and supports early pregnancy. While estrogen also plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle, progesterone is specifically known for its role in preparing the uterus for pregnancy and maintaining the uterine lining. Testosterone is primarily a male sex hormone and not directly involved in these processes. Prolactin is a hormone that is mainly associated with milk production and not related to the development of the uterine lining or early pregnancy.
4. What is the role of surfactant in the respiratory system?
- A. To trap dust particles
- B. To increase lung compliance
- C. To produce mucus
- D. To generate oxygen during respiration
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To increase lung compliance. Surfactant is a substance produced by type II alveolar cells in the lungs that reduces surface tension in the alveoli. This reduction in surface tension helps to increase lung compliance, making it easier for the lungs to expand and contract during breathing. Improved lung compliance is essential for efficient gas exchange in the respiratory system, facilitating oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide removal. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because surfactant does not trap dust particles, produce mucus, or generate oxygen during respiration. Instead, its primary function lies in reducing surface tension to prevent alveolar collapse and improve lung compliance for optimal gas exchange.
5. Which component of the nervous system is responsible for controlling voluntary movements, such as the contraction of skeletal muscles?
- A. Autonomic nervous system
- B. Peripheral nervous system
- C. Somatic nervous system
- D. Sympathetic nervous system
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Somatic nervous system. The somatic nervous system is responsible for controlling voluntary movements, such as the contraction of skeletal muscles. This system consists of motor neurons that send signals from the central nervous system to the skeletal muscles, allowing for conscious control over movement. The autonomic nervous system (A) controls involuntary functions like heart rate and digestion, the peripheral nervous system (B) includes all nerves outside the central nervous system, and the sympathetic nervous system (D) is a division of the autonomic nervous system responsible for the fight-or-flight response. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not specifically regulate voluntary movements of skeletal muscles, which is a function of the somatic nervous system.
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