ATI TEAS 7
TEAS 7 practice test science
1. What is the final stage of both mitosis and meiosis?
- A. Interphase
- B. Telophase
- C. Cytokinesis
- D. G1 phase
Correct answer: B
Rationale: - Interphase (option A) is not the final stage of mitosis or meiosis; it is the phase before cell division where the cell prepares for division by growing and replicating its DNA. - Telophase (option B) is the final stage of both mitosis and meiosis. During telophase, the separated chromosomes reach opposite poles of the cell, the nuclear membrane reforms around each set of chromosomes, and the chromosomes begin to decondense. - Cytokinesis (option C) is the process of dividing the cytoplasm to form two separate daughter cells. While it occurs after telophase, it is not considered the final stage of mitosis or meiosis. - G1 phase (option D) is the first gap phase in the cell cycle, occurring before DNA replication. It is not the final stage of mitosis or meiosis.
2. What is the significance of the nuclear envelope breaking down during mitosis?
- A. It allows the chromosomes to condense and become visible.
- B. It allows the spindle apparatus to form and attach to the chromosomes.
- C. It allows the sister chromatids to separate.
- D. It allows the nuclear material to be evenly distributed to the daughter cells.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A) The breakdown of the nuclear envelope does not directly cause the chromosomes to condense and become visible. Chromosome condensation is a separate process that occurs before mitosis begins. B) The breakdown of the nuclear envelope is crucial for the formation of the spindle apparatus, a structure made of microtubules that helps separate the chromosomes during cell division. The spindle apparatus attaches to the chromosomes and helps move them to opposite poles of the cell. C) The separation of sister chromatids occurs during anaphase, which is facilitated by the spindle apparatus. The breakdown of the nuclear envelope is not directly involved in this process. D) The even distribution of nuclear material to daughter cells is achieved through the movement of chromosomes by the spindle apparatus, which is made possible by the breakdown of the nuclear envelope.
3. What is the process of removing waste products from the cell called?
- A. Exocytosis
- B. Endocytosis
- C. Phagocytosis
- D. Pinocytosis
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A) Exocytosis is the process by which cells expel waste products or other substances by fusing a vesicle containing the waste with the cell membrane, releasing its contents outside the cell. This process is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis by removing waste products from the cell. B) Endocytosis is the process by which cells take in substances by engulfing them in a vesicle formed from the cell membrane. This process is the opposite of exocytosis and is used to bring substances into the cell. C) Phagocytosis is a type of endocytosis where cells engulf solid particles or other cells to form a vesicle called a phagosome. This process is used by immune cells to engulf and destroy pathogens. D) Pinocytosis is a type of endocytosis where cells engulf fluids and dissolved solutes. This process allows cells to take in nutrients.
4. Which of the following is NOT a function of the muscular system?
- A. Movement
- B. Maintaining posture
- C. Generating heat
- D. Regulating blood sugar levels
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The muscular system is responsible for movement, maintaining posture, and generating heat. Regulating blood sugar levels is not a function of the muscular system. This function is primarily carried out by the endocrine system, specifically the pancreas and its production of insulin and glucagon. Choices A, B, and C are all correct functions of the muscular system as they involve the contraction and relaxation of muscles to produce movement, support the body's structure, and generate heat as a byproduct of muscle activity.
5. What is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between sodium and chlorine to form sodium chloride?
- A. Na + Cl2 -> NaCl
- B. 2Na + Cl2 -> 2NaCl
- C. Na2 + Cl -> 2NaCl
- D. Na + 2Cl -> NaCl2
Correct answer: B
Rationale: In a balanced chemical equation, the number of atoms of each element must be the same on both sides of the equation. When sodium (Na) reacts with chlorine (Cl2) to form sodium chloride (NaCl), we need to ensure the equation is balanced. There are 2 chlorine atoms in Cl2; hence, we need 2 sodium atoms on the left side to balance it. Therefore, the balanced chemical equation is 2Na + Cl2 -> 2NaCl. Choice A is incorrect because it does not have the correct coefficients to balance the equation. Choice C is incorrect as it incorrectly represents the formula of sodium. Choice D is incorrect as it forms NaCl2, which is not the correct compound formed in this reaction.
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