ATI TEAS 7
ATI TEAS 7 Science
1. Which of the following is a property of amphiprotic substances?
- A. React with acids only
- B. React with bases only
- C. Can act as both acids and bases
- D. Are inert in chemical reactions
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Can act as both acids and bases. Amphiprotic substances have the ability to donate a proton (act as an acid) or accept a proton (act as a base) depending on the reaction conditions. This dual nature allows them to participate in a wide range of chemical reactions, making them versatile and important in various chemical processes. Choices A and B are incorrect because amphiprotic substances are not limited to reacting with only acids or bases; they can interact with both. Choice D is incorrect because amphiprotic substances are not inert; they actively participate in chemical reactions by donating or accepting protons.
2. What is the building block of DNA?
- A. Amino acid
- B. Nucleotide
- C. Phosphate group
- D. Fatty acid
Correct answer: B
Rationale: - Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, not DNA. - Nucleotide is the correct building block of DNA. A nucleotide consists of a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine). - The option 'C) Phosphate group' is incorrect as it is only part of a nucleotide, not the complete building block of DNA. - Fatty acids are not the building blocks of DNA; they are a type of lipid molecule.
3. What is the main factor affecting the acceleration of a ball rolling down an inclined plane?
- A. The material of the ball
- B. The angle of the incline
- C. The air resistance
- D. The ball's initial velocity
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The main factor affecting the acceleration of a ball rolling down an inclined plane is the angle of the incline. The steeper the incline, the greater the component of the gravitational force acting parallel to the incline, leading to a higher acceleration of the ball. While the material of the ball, air resistance, and the ball's initial velocity may have some influence on the motion, the angle of the incline is the primary factor determining acceleration in this scenario. The material of the ball does not significantly affect its acceleration on the incline unless it impacts the friction with the surface. Air resistance plays a minor role in the acceleration of the ball compared to the gravitational force. The ball's initial velocity affects the speed at the start but does not influence the acceleration down the incline.
4. What is the product of translation from an RNA template?
- A. DNA
- B. Lipid
- C. Polypeptide
- D. Carbohydrate
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Translation is the process by which the genetic information carried by mRNA is decoded to synthesize a polypeptide chain. This essential process occurs at the ribosomes within the cell. The product of translation from an RNA template is a polypeptide, not DNA, lipid, or carbohydrate. DNA is involved in transcription, lipids are not directly produced in translation, and carbohydrates are not synthesized through translation. Therefore, the correct product resulting from translation from an RNA template is a polypeptide, making choice C, 'Polypeptide,' the correct answer.
5. Which type of joint allows for the greatest range of motion?
- A. Hinge joint
- B. Ball-and-socket joint
- C. Pivot joint
- D. Saddle joint
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ball-and-socket joint. The ball-and-socket joint, like the shoulder joint, allows for the greatest range of motion due to its structure, enabling movement in multiple directions. In contrast, hinge joints, pivot joints, and saddle joints have more restricted ranges of motion compared to ball-and-socket joints. Hinge joints primarily allow movement in one plane, pivot joints allow rotation around a central axis, and saddle joints have limited movement compared to ball-and-socket joints.
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